DragonFly On-Line Manual Pages
PERLTOC(1) Perl Programmers Reference Guide PERLTOC(1)
NAME
perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
DESCRIPTION
This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
BASIC DOCUMENTATION
perl - The Perl 5 language interpreter
SYNOPSIS
GETTING HELP
Overview
Tutorials
Reference Manual
Internals and C Language Interface
Miscellaneous
Language-Specific
Platform-Specific
Stubs for Deleted Documents
DESCRIPTION
AVAILABILITY
ENVIRONMENT
AUTHOR
FILES
SEE ALSO
DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
NOTES
perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
DESCRIPTION
What is Perl?
Running Perl programs
Safety net
Basic syntax overview
Perl variable types
Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
Variable scoping
Conditional and looping constructs
if, while, for, foreach
Builtin operators and functions
Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean
logic, Miscellaneous
Files and I/O
Regular expressions
Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular
expressions, Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
Writing subroutines
OO Perl
Using Perl modules
AUTHOR
perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
#! and quoting on non-Unix systems
OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, VMS
Location of Perl
Command Switches
-0[octal/hexadecimal] , -a , -C [nnuummbbeerr//lliisstt] , -c , -d ,
-dt, -d:MOD[=bar,baz] , -dt:MOD[=bar,baz], -Dletters ,
-Dnumber, -e commandline , -E commandline , -f
, -Fpattern , -h , -i[extension] , -Idirectory , -l[octnum]
, -m[-]module , -M[-]module, -M[-]'module ...',
-[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]..., -n , -p , -s , -S , -t , -T , -u ,
-U , -v , -V , -V:configvar, -w , -W , -X , -x , -xdirectory
ENVIRONMENT
HOME , LOGDIR , PATH , PERL5LIB , PERL5OPT , PERLIO , :bytes ,
:crlf , :mmap , :perlio , :pop , :raw , :stdio , :unix , :utf8 ,
:win32 , PERLIO_DEBUG , PERLLIB , PERL5DB , PERL5DB_THREADED ,
PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP
(specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS ,
PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL , PERL_DL_NONLAZY , PERL_ENCODING ,
PERL_HASH_SEED , PERL_PERTURB_KEYS , PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG ,
PERL_MEM_LOG , PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port) , PERL_SIGNALS
, PERL_UNICODE , SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
DESCRIPTION
Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
The Solution
Syntax
Making References
Using References
An Example
Arrow Rule
Solution
The Rest
Summary
Credits
Distribution Conditions
perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
DESCRIPTION
arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of
hashes, more elaborate constructs
REFERENCES
COMMON MISTAKES
CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS "use strict"
DEBUGGING
CODE EXAMPLES
ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
HASHES OF ARRAYS
Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
ARRAYS OF HASHES
Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
HASHES OF HASHES
Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Database Ties
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
Growing Your Own
Access and Printing
Slices
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
DESCRIPTION
The Guide
Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching
Extracting matches
Matching repetitions
More matching
Search and replace
The split operator
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
Acknowledgments
perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
DESCRIPTION
Part 1: The basics
Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Extracting matches
Backreferences
Relative backreferences
Named backreferences
Alternative capture group numbering
Position information
Non-capturing groupings
Matching repetitions
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Possessive quantifiers
Building a regexp
Using regular expressions in Perl
Part 2: Power tools
More on characters, strings, and character classes
Compiling and saving regular expressions
Composing regular expressions at runtime
Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
Looking ahead and looking behind
Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
Conditional expressions
Defining named patterns
Recursive patterns
A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
Backtracking control verbs
Pragmas and debugging
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
Acknowledgments
perlootut - Object-Oriented Programming in Perl Tutorial
DATE
DESCRIPTION
OBJECT-ORIENTED FUNDAMENTALS
Object
Class
Methods
Attributes
Polymorphism
Inheritance
Encapsulation
Composition
Roles
When to Use OO
PERL OO SYSTEMS
Moose
Declarative sugar, Roles built-in, A miniature type system,
Full introspection and manipulation, Self-hosted and
extensible, Rich ecosystem, Many more features
Class::Accessor
Class::Tiny
Role::Tiny
OO System Summary
Moose, Class::Accessor, Class::Tiny, Role::Tiny
Other OO Systems
CONCLUSION
perlperf - Perl Performance and Optimization Techniques
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
ONE STEP SIDEWAYS
ONE STEP FORWARD
ANOTHER STEP SIDEWAYS
GENERAL GUIDELINES
BENCHMARKS
Assigning and Dereferencing Variables.
Search and replace or tr
PROFILING TOOLS
Devel::DProf
Devel::Profiler
Devel::SmallProf
Devel::FastProf
Devel::NYTProf
SORTING
Elapsed Real Time, User CPU Time, System CPU Time
LOGGING
Logging if DEBUG (constant)
POSTSCRIPT
SEE ALSO
PERLDOCS
MAN PAGES
MODULES
URLS
AUTHOR
perlstyle - Perl style guide
DESCRIPTION
perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
DESCRIPTION
The sheet
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
DESCRIPTION
Awk Traps
C/C++ Traps
JavaScript Traps
Sed Traps
Shell Traps
Perl Traps
perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
DESCRIPTION
use strict
Looking at data and -w and v
help
Stepping through code
Placeholder for a, w, t, T
REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
OUTPUT TIPS
CGI
GUIs
SUMMARY
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS
perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl
DESCRIPTION
Where to find the perlfaq
How to use the perlfaq
How to contribute to the perlfaq
What if my question isn't answered in the FAQ?
TABLE OF CONTENTS
perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 - Obtaining and
Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 - Data
Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 -
System Interaction, perlfaq9 - Web, Email and Networking
THE QUESTIONS
perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl
perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
perlfaq3: Programming Tools
perlfaq4: Data Manipulation
perlfaq5: Files and Formats
perlfaq6: Regular Expressions
perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues
perlfaq8: System Interaction
perlfaq9: Web, Email and Networking
CREDITS
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl
DESCRIPTION
What is Perl?
Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
Which version of Perl should I use?
What are Perl 4, Perl 5, or Perl 6?
What is Perl 6?
How stable is Perl?
How often are new versions of Perl released?
Is Perl difficult to learn?
How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
Scheme, or Tcl?
Can I do [task] in Perl?
When shouldn't I program in Perl?
What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
What is a JAPH?
How can I convince others to use Perl?
<http://www.perl.org/about.html>,
<http://perltraining.com.au/whyperl.html>
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl
DESCRIPTION
What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
How can I get a binary version of Perl?
I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
don't work.
I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
Where can I get information on Perl?
<http://www.perl.org/>, <http://perldoc.perl.org/>,
<http://learn.perl.org/>
What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
<http://www.perl.org/>, <http://learn.perl.org/>,
<http://jobs.perl.org/>, <http://lists.perl.org/>
Where can I post questions?
Perl Books
Which magazines have Perl content?
Which Perl blogs should I read?
What mailing lists are there for Perl?
Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
Where do I send bug reports?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq3 - Programming Tools
DESCRIPTION
How do I do (anything)?
Basics, perldata - Perl data types, perlvar - Perl pre-defined
variables, perlsyn - Perl syntax, perlop - Perl operators and
precedence, perlsub - Perl subroutines, Execution, perlrun -
how to execute the Perl interpreter, perldebug - Perl
debugging, Functions, perlfunc - Perl builtin functions,
Objects, perlref - Perl references and nested data structures,
perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables), perlobj -
Perl objects, perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple
variable, Data Structures, perlref - Perl references and nested
data structures, perllol - Manipulating arrays of arrays in
Perl, perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook, Modules, perlmod
- Perl modules (packages and symbol tables), perlmodlib -
constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones,
Regexes, perlre - Perl regular expressions, perlfunc - Perl
builtin functions>, perlop - Perl operators and precedence,
perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
localization), Moving to perl5, perltrap - Perl traps for the
unwary, perl, Linking with C, perlxstut - Tutorial for writing
XSUBs, perlxs - XS language reference manual, perlcall - Perl
calling conventions from C, perlguts - Introduction to the Perl
API, perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program, Various
How can I use Perl interactively?
How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
How do I debug my Perl programs?
How do I profile my Perl programs?
How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
Eclipse, Enginsite, Kephra, Komodo, Notepad++, Open Perl IDE,
OptiPerl, Padre, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual Perl, Zeus, GNU
Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Vim, Vile, Codewright,
MultiEdit, SlickEdit, ConTEXT, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus,
Alpha, BBEdit and TextWrangler
Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
Where can I get perl-mode or cperl-mode for emacs?
How can I use curses with Perl?
How can I write a GUI (X, Tk, Gtk, etc.) in Perl?
Tk, Wx, Gtk and Gtk2, Win32::GUI, CamelBones, Qt, Athena
How can I make my Perl program run faster?
How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary
quotes and stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large
variables to disk
Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
How can I get "#!perl" to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C
program; what am I doing wrong?
When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
mean?
What's MakeMaker?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation
DESCRIPTION
Data: Numbers
Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of
the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
Why is int() broken?
Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
Trig functions?
How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert
from decimal to hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to
decimal, How do I convert from decimal to octal, How do I
convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert from decimal
to binary
Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
How do I multiply matrices?
How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
How can I output Roman numerals?
Why aren't my random numbers random?
How do I get a random number between X and Y?
Data: Dates
How do I find the day or week of the year?
How do I find the current century or millennium?
How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
How can I find the Julian Day?
How do I find yesterday's date?
Does Perl have a Year 2000 or 2038 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
Data: Strings
How do I validate input?
How do I unescape a string?
How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
How do I expand function calls in a string?
How do I find matching/nesting anything?
How do I reverse a string?
How do I expand tabs in a string?
How do I reformat a paragraph?
How can I access or change N characters of a string?
How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
string?
How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
How can I split a [character]-delimited string except when inside
[character]?
How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
How do I extract selected columns from a string?
How do I find the soundex value of a string?
How can I expand variables in text strings?
What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
There must be no space after the << part, There (probably)
should be a semicolon at the end of the opening token, You
can't (easily) have any space in front of the tag, There needs
to be at least a line separator after the end token
Data: Arrays
What is the difference between a list and an array?
What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
array?
How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
intersection of two arrays?
How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
How do I find the first array element for which a condition is
true?
How do I handle linked lists?
How do I handle circular lists?
How do I shuffle an array randomly?
How do I process/modify each element of an array?
How do I select a random element from an array?
How do I permute N elements of a list?
How do I sort an array by (anything)?
How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
How do I process an entire hash?
How do I merge two hashes?
What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating
over it?
How do I look up a hash element by value?
How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
How can I always keep my hash sorted?
What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
it?
How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash
or array of hashes or arrays?
How can I use a reference as a hash key?
How can I check if a key exists in a multilevel hash?
How can I prevent addition of unwanted keys into a hash?
Data: Misc
How do I handle binary data correctly?
How do I determine whether a scalar is a
number/whole/integer/float?
How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
How do I define methods for every class/object?
How do I verify a credit card checksum?
How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq5 - Files and Formats
DESCRIPTION
How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
How do I change, delete, or insert a line in a file, or append to
the beginning of a file?
How do I count the number of lines in a file?
How do I delete the last N lines from a file?
How can I use Perl's "-i" option from within a program?
How can I copy a file?
How do I make a temporary file name?
How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of
filehandles?
How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
How can I write() into a string?
How can I open a filehandle to a string?
How can I output my numbers with commas added?
How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
How can I reliably rename a file?
How can I lock a file?
Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
the file. How can I do this?
All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
file. Do I still have to use locking?
How do I randomly update a binary file?
How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I print to more than one file at once?
How can I read in an entire file all at once?
How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
How do I do a "tail -f" in perl?
How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
How do I close a file descriptor by number?
Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
`C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does "-i" clobber
protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
How do I select a random line from a file?
Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
How do I traverse a directory tree?
How do I delete a directory tree?
How do I copy an entire directory?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions
DESCRIPTION
How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating
illegible and unmaintainable code?
Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex,
Different Delimiters
I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves
on different lines?
How do I match XML, HTML, or other nasty, ugly things with a regex?
I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's
wrong?
How do I substitute case-insensitively on the LHS while preserving
case on the RHS?
How can I make "\w" match national character sets?
How can I match a locale-smart version of "/[a-zA-Z]/"?
How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
What is "/o" really for?
How do I use a regular expression to strip C-style comments from a
file?
Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
How do I process each word on each line?
How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
How can I do approximate matching?
How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
Why don't word-boundary searches with "\b" work for me?
Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
What good is "\G" in a regular expression?
Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
How do I match a regular expression that's in a variable?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues
DESCRIPTION
Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when
to use them?
Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
commas?
How do I skip some return values?
How do I temporarily block warnings?
What's an extension?
Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
How do I declare/create a structure?
How do I create a module?
How do I adopt or take over a module already on CPAN?
How do I create a class?
How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
What's a closure?
What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
Regex}?
Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing
Regexes, Passing Methods
How do I create a static variable?
What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
Between local() and my()?
How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
is in scope?
What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
Why doesn't "my($foo) = <$fh>;" work right?
How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
How do I create a switch or case statement?
How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
methods?
Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
How can I find out my current or calling package?
How can I comment out a large block of Perl code?
How do I clear a package?
How can I use a variable as a variable name?
What does "bad interpreter" mean?
Do I need to recompile XS modules when there is a change in the C
library?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq8 - System Interaction
DESCRIPTION
How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
How come exec() doesn't return?
How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
How do I print something out in color?
How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
How do I clear the screen?
How do I get the screen size?
How do I ask the user for a password?
How do I read and write the serial port?
lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-
blocking input
How do I decode encrypted password files?
How do I start a process in the background?
STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
How do I trap control characters/signals?
How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
How do I set the time and date?
How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
How can I measure time under a second?
How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception
handling)
Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
How can I call backticks without shell processing?
Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on
Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?
How can I convert my shell script to perl?
Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
How can I write expect in Perl?
Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
"ps"?
I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script.
How come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I
get my changes to be visible?
Unix
How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
complete?
How do I fork a daemon process?
How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
How do I timeout a slow event?
How do I set CPU limits?
How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
How do I use an SQL database?
How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
How do I open a file without blocking?
How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and
perl?
How do I install a module from CPAN?
What's the difference between require and use?
How do I keep my own module/library directory?
How do I add the directory my program lives in to the
module/library search path?
How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
the "PERLLIB" environment variable, the "PERL5LIB" environment
variable, the "perl -Idir" command line flag, the "lib"
pragma:, the local::lib module:
Where are modules installed?
What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq9 - Web, Email and Networking
DESCRIPTION
Should I use a web framework?
Which web framework should I use?
Catalyst, Dancer, Mojolicious, Web::Simple
What is Plack and PSGI?
How do I remove HTML from a string?
How do I extract URLs?
How do I fetch an HTML file?
How do I automate an HTML form submission?
How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
How do I redirect to another page?
How do I put a password on my web pages?
How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that causes
my CGI script to do bad things?
How do I parse a mail header?
How do I check a valid mail address?
How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
How do I find the user's mail address?
How do I send email?
Email::Sender::Transport::Sendmail,
Email::Sender::Transport::SMTP,
Email::Sender::Transport::SMTP::TLS
How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
How do I read email?
How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
How do I fetch/put an (S)FTP file?
How can I do RPC in Perl?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlsyn - Perl syntax
DESCRIPTION
Declarations
Comments
Simple Statements
Truth and Falsehood
Statement Modifiers
Compound Statements
Loop Control
For Loops
Foreach Loops
Basic BLOCKs
Switch Statements
Goto
The Ellipsis Statement
PODs: Embedded Documentation
Plain Old Comments (Not!)
Experimental Details on given and when
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
perldata - Perl data types
DESCRIPTION
Variable names
Identifier parsing
A sigil, followed solely by digits matching \p{POSIX_Digit},
like $0, $1, or $10000, A sigil, followed by either a caret and
a single POSIX uppercase letter, like $^V or $^W, or a sigil
followed by a literal control character matching the
"\p{POSIX_Cntrl}" property. Due to a historical oddity, if not
running under "use utf8", the 128 extra controls in the
"[0x80-0xff]" range may also be used in length one variables.
The use of a literal control character is deprecated. Support
for this form will be removed in a future version of perl,
Similar to the above, a sigil, followed by bareword text in
brackets, where the first character is either a caret followed
by an uppercase letter, or a literal control, like
"${^GLOBAL_PHASE}" or "${\7LOBAL_PHASE}". The use of a literal
control character is deprecated. Support for this form will be
removed in a future version of perl, A sigil followed by a
single character matching the "\p{POSIX_Punct}" property, like
$! or "%+"
Context
Scalar values
Scalar value constructors
List value constructors
Subscripts
Multi-dimensional array emulation
Slices
Typeglobs and Filehandles
SEE ALSO
perlop - Perl operators and precedence
DESCRIPTION
Operator Precedence and Associativity
Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
The Arrow Operator
Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
Exponentiation
Symbolic Unary Operators
Binding Operators
Multiplicative Operators
Additive Operators
Shift Operators
Named Unary Operators
Relational Operators
Equality Operators
Smartmatch Operator
1. Empty hashes or arrays match, 2. That is, each element
smartmatches the element of the same index in the other
array.[3], 3. If a circular reference is found, fall back to
referential equality, 4. Either an actual number, or a string
that looks like one
Bitwise And
Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
C-style Logical And
C-style Logical Or
Logical Defined-Or
Range Operators
Conditional Operator
Assignment Operators
Comma Operator
List Operators (Rightward)
Logical Not
Logical And
Logical or and Exclusive Or
C Operators Missing From Perl
unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
Quote and Quote-like Operators
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]
Regexp Quote-Like Operators
qr/STRING/msixpodual , m/PATTERN/msixpodualgc
, /PATTERN/msixpodualgc, The empty pattern //,
Matching in list context, \G assertion, m?PATTERN?msixpodualgc
, ?PATTERN?msixpodualgc, s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/msixpodualgcer
Quote-Like Operators
q/STRING/ , 'STRING', qq/STRING/
, "STRING", qx/STRING/ , `STRING`, qw/STRING/ ,
tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsr ,
y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsr, <<EOF
, Double Quotes, Single Quotes, Backticks
Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
Finding the end, Interpolation , "<<'EOF'", "m''", the pattern
of "s'''", '', "q//", "tr'''", "y'''", the replacement of
"s'''", "tr///", "y///", "", "``", "qq//", "qx//",
"<file*glob>", "<<"EOF"", the replacement of "s///", "RE" in
"?RE?", "/RE/", "m/RE/", "s/RE/foo/",, parsing regular
expressions , Optimization of regular expressions
I/O Operators
Constant Folding
No-ops
Bitwise String Operators
Integer Arithmetic
Floating-point Arithmetic
Bigger Numbers
perlsub - Perl subroutines
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
documented later in this document, documented in perlmod,
documented in perlobj, documented in perltie, documented in
PerlIO::via, documented in perlfunc, documented in UNIVERSAL,
documented in perldebguts, undocumented, used internally by the
overload feature
Signatures
Private Variables via my()
Persistent Private Variables
Temporary Values via local()
Lvalue subroutines
Lexical Subroutines
Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
When to Still Use local()
Pass by Reference
Prototypes
Constant Functions
Overriding Built-in Functions
Autoloading
Subroutine Attributes
SEE ALSO
perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
DESCRIPTION
Perl Functions by Category
Functions for SCALARs or strings , Regular expressions and
pattern matching , Numeric functions , Functions for real
@ARRAYs , Functions for list data , Functions for real %HASHes
, Input and output functions
, Functions for fixed-length data or records, Functions for
filehandles, files, or directories
, Keywords related to the control flow of your Perl program
, Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions,
Functions for processes and process groups
, Keywords related to Perl modules , Keywords related to
classes and object-orientation
, Low-level socket functions , System V interprocess
communication functions
, Fetching user and group info
, Fetching network info , Time-related functions , Non-
function keywords
Portability
Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
-X FILEHANDLE , -X EXPR, -X DIRHANDLE, -X, abs VALUE , abs,
accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET , alarm SECONDS , alarm, atan2
Y,X , bind SOCKET,NAME , binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER
, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME , bless REF, break,
caller EXPR , caller, chdir EXPR , chdir FILEHANDLE, chdir
DIRHANDLE, chdir, chmod LIST , chomp VARIABLE , chomp(
LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE , chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST
, chr NUMBER , chr, chroot FILENAME , chroot, close FILEHANDLE
, close, closedir DIRHANDLE , connect SOCKET,NAME , continue
BLOCK , continue, cos EXPR , cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT
, dbmclose HASH , dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK , defined EXPR
, defined, delete EXPR , die LIST , do BLOCK , do EXPR ,
dump LABEL , dump EXPR, dump, each HASH , each ARRAY , each
EXPR, eof FILEHANDLE , eof (), eof, eval EXPR
, eval BLOCK, eval, evalbytes EXPR , evalbytes, exec LIST ,
exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR , exit EXPR , exit, exp EXPR ,
exp, fc EXPR , fc, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR ,
__FILE__ , fileno FILEHANDLE , flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION ,
fork , format , formline PICTURE,LIST , getc FILEHANDLE ,
getc, getlogin , getpeername SOCKET , getpgrp PID , getppid
, getpriority WHICH,WHO , getpwnam NAME
, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME,
getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname
NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr
ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport
PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent
STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent
STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET , getsockopt
SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME , glob EXPR
, glob, gmtime EXPR , gmtime, goto LABEL , goto EXPR, goto
&NAME, grep BLOCK LIST , grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR , hex, import
LIST , index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION , index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR
, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , join EXPR,LIST ,
keys HASH , keys ARRAY, keys EXPR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, kill
SIGNAL , last LABEL , last EXPR, last, lc EXPR , lc, If "use
bytes" is in effect:, Otherwise, if "use locale" (but not "use
locale ':not_characters'") is in effect:, Otherwise, If EXPR
has the UTF8 flag set:, Otherwise, if "use feature
'unicode_strings'" or "use locale ':not_characters'" is in
effect:, Otherwise:, lcfirst EXPR , lcfirst, length EXPR ,
length, __LINE__ , link OLDFILE,NEWFILE , listen
SOCKET,QUEUESIZE , local EXPR , localtime EXPR , localtime,
lock THING , log EXPR , log, lstat FILEHANDLE , lstat EXPR,
lstat DIRHANDLE, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST , map EXPR,LIST,
mkdir FILENAME,MASK , mkdir FILENAME, mkdir, msgctl
ID,CMD,ARG , msgget KEY,FLAGS , msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS ,
msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS , my VARLIST , my TYPE VARLIST, my VARLIST
: ATTRS, my TYPE VARLIST : ATTRS, next LABEL , next EXPR,
next, no MODULE VERSION LIST , no MODULE VERSION, no MODULE
LIST, no MODULE, no VERSION, oct EXPR , oct, open
FILEHANDLE,EXPR , open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open
FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open
FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR , ord EXPR , ord, our
VARLIST , our TYPE VARLIST, our VARLIST : ATTRS, our TYPE
VARLIST : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST , package NAMESPACE,
package NAMESPACE VERSION , package NAMESPACE BLOCK, package
NAMESPACE VERSION BLOCK , __PACKAGE__ , pipe
READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE , pop ARRAY , pop EXPR, pop, pos SCALAR
, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST , print FILEHANDLE, print LIST,
print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST , printf FILEHANDLE,
printf FORMAT, LIST, printf, prototype FUNCTION , push
ARRAY,LIST , push EXPR,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/,
qw/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qr/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR , quotemeta,
rand EXPR , rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , read
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE , readline EXPR,
readline , readlink EXPR , readlink, readpipe EXPR, readpipe
, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS , redo LABEL , redo EXPR,
redo, ref EXPR , ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME , require
VERSION , require EXPR, require, reset EXPR , reset, return
EXPR , return, reverse LIST , rewinddir DIRHANDLE , rindex
STR,SUBSTR,POSITION , rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME ,
rmdir, s///, say FILEHANDLE LIST , say FILEHANDLE, say LIST,
say, scalar EXPR , seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE , seekdir
DIRHANDLE,POS , select FILEHANDLE , select, select
RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT , semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG , semget
KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS , semop KEY,OPSTRING , send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO
, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP , setpriority
WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY
, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL , shift ARRAY ,
shift EXPR, shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG , shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS ,
shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE , shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE,
shutdown SOCKET,HOW , sin EXPR , sin, sleep EXPR , sleep,
socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , socketpair
SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , sort SUBNAME LIST ,
sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY or
EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST , splice ARRAY or EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,
splice ARRAY or EXPR,OFFSET, splice ARRAY or EXPR, split
/PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT , split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/,
split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST , format parameter index, flags,
vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum width ,
size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR , sqrt, srand EXPR ,
srand, stat FILEHANDLE
, stat EXPR, stat DIRHANDLE, stat, state VARLIST , state TYPE
VARLIST, state VARLIST : ATTRS, state TYPE VARLIST : ATTRS,
study SCALAR , study, sub NAME BLOCK , sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK,
sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, __SUB__
, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT
, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink
OLDFILE,NEWFILE , syscall NUMBER, LIST , sysopen
FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE , sysopen
FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , sysread
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE ,
system LIST , system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , syswrite
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell
FILEHANDLE , tell, telldir DIRHANDLE , tie
VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST , tied VARIABLE , time , times , tr///,
truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH , truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR ,
uc, ucfirst EXPR , ucfirst, umask EXPR , umask, undef EXPR ,
undef, unlink LIST
, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR , unpack TEMPLATE, unshift
ARRAY,LIST , unshift EXPR,LIST, untie VARIABLE , use Module
VERSION LIST , use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use
Module, use VERSION, utime LIST , values HASH , values ARRAY,
values EXPR, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS , wait , waitpid PID,FLAGS ,
wantarray
, warn LIST , write FILEHANDLE , write EXPR, write, y///
Non-function Keywords by Cross-reference
__DATA__, __END__, BEGIN, CHECK, END, INIT, UNITCHECK, DESTROY,
and, cmp, eq, ge, gt, le, lt, ne, not, or, x, xor, AUTOLOAD,
else, elsif, for, foreach, if, unless, until, while, elseif,
default, given, when
perlopentut - simple recipes for opening files and pipes in Perl
DESCRIPTION
OK, HANDLE, MODE, PATHNAME
Opening Text Files
Opening Text Files for Reading
Opening Text Files for Writing
Opening Binary Files
Opening Pipes
Low-level File Opens via sysopen
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
perlpacktut - tutorial on "pack" and "unpack"
DESCRIPTION
The Basic Principle
Packing Text
Packing Numbers
Integers
Unpacking a Stack Frame
How to Eat an Egg on a Net
Byte-order modifiers
Floating point Numbers
Exotic Templates
Bit Strings
Uuencoding
Doing Sums
Unicode
Another Portable Binary Encoding
Template Grouping
Lengths and Widths
String Lengths
Dynamic Templates
Counting Repetitions
Intel HEX
Packing and Unpacking C Structures
The Alignment Pit
Dealing with Endian-ness
Alignment, Take 2
Alignment, Take 3
Pointers for How to Use Them
Pack Recipes
Funnies Section
Authors
perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
DESCRIPTION
Ordinary Paragraph
Verbatim Paragraph
Command Paragraph
"=head1 Heading Text"
, "=head2 Heading Text", "=head3 Heading Text", "=head4
Heading Text", "=over indentlevel"
, "=item stuff...", "=back", "=cut" , "=pod" , "=begin
formatname"
, "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", "=encoding
encodingname"
Formatting Codes
"I<text>" -- italic text , "B<text>" -- bold text
, "C<code>" -- code text
, "L<name>" -- a hyperlink , "E<escape>" -- a character
escape
, "F<filename>" -- used for filenames , "S<text>" -- text
contains non-breaking spaces
, "X<topic name>" -- an index entry
, "Z<>" -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code
The Intent
Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
Hints for Writing Pod
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and notes
DESCRIPTION
Pod Definitions
Pod Commands
"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over",
"=item", "=back", "=begin formatname", "=begin formatname
parameter", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...",
"=encoding encodingname"
Pod Formatting Codes
"I<text>" -- italic text, "B<text>" -- bold text, "C<code>" -- code
text, "F<filename>" -- style for filenames, "X<topic name>" -- an
index entry, "Z<>" -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code,
"L<name>" -- a hyperlink, "E<escape>" -- a character escape,
"S<text>" -- text contains non-breaking spaces
Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
About L<...> Codes
First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
About =over...=back Regions
About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perlpodstyle - Perl POD style guide
DESCRIPTION
NAME, SYNOPSIS, DESCRIPTION, OPTIONS, RETURN VALUE, ERRORS,
DIAGNOSTICS, EXAMPLES, ENVIRONMENT, FILES, CAVEATS, BUGS,
RESTRICTIONS, NOTES, AUTHOR, HISTORY, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE, SEE
ALSO
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
DESCRIPTION
perldebug - Perl debugging
DESCRIPTION
The Perl Debugger
Calling the Debugger
perl -d program_name, perl -d -e 0, perl -d:ptkdb program_name,
perl -dt threaded_program_name
Debugger Commands
h , h [command], h h, p expr , x [maxdepth] expr , V [pkg
[vars]] , X [vars] , y [level [vars]] , T , s [expr] , n
[expr] , r , <CR>, c [line|sub] , l , l min+incr, l min-max, l
line, l subname, - , v [line] , . , f filename , /pattern/,
?pattern?, L [abw] , S [[!]regex] , t [n] , t [n] expr , b , b
[line] [condition] , b [file]:[line] [condition] , b subname
[condition] , b postpone subname [condition] , b load
filename
, b compile subname , B line , B *
, disable [file]:[line]
, disable [line]
, enable [file]:[line]
, enable [line]
, a [line] command , A line , A * , w expr , W expr , W * , o
, o booloption ... , o anyoption? ... , o option=value ... , <
? , < [ command ] , < * , << command , > ? , > command , > * ,
>> command , { ? , { [ command ], { * , {{ command , ! number ,
! -number , ! pattern , !! cmd , source file , H -number , q or
^D , R , |dbcmd , ||dbcmd , command, m expr , M , man
[manpage]
Configurable Options
"recallCommand", "ShellBang" , "pager" , "tkRunning" ,
"signalLevel", "warnLevel", "dieLevel"
, "AutoTrace" , "LineInfo" , "inhibit_exit" , "PrintRet" ,
"ornaments" , "frame" , "maxTraceLen" , "windowSize" ,
"arrayDepth", "hashDepth" , "dumpDepth" , "compactDump",
"veryCompact" , "globPrint" , "DumpDBFiles" , "DumpPackages" ,
"DumpReused" , "quote", "HighBit", "undefPrint"
, "UsageOnly" , "HistFile" , "HistSize" , "TTY" , "noTTY" ,
"ReadLine" , "NonStop"
Debugger Input/Output
Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace , Line Listing
Format, Frame listing
Debugging Compile-Time Statements
Debugger Customization
Readline Support / History in the Debugger
Editor Support for Debugging
The Perl Profiler
Debugging Regular Expressions
Debugging Memory Usage
SEE ALSO
BUGS
perlvar - Perl predefined variables
DESCRIPTION
The Syntax of Variable Names
SPECIAL VARIABLES
General Variables
$ARG, $_ , @ARG, @_ , $LIST_SEPARATOR, $" , $PROCESS_ID,
$PID, $$ , $PROGRAM_NAME, $0 , $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(
, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $) , $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $< ,
$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $> , $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP,
$; , $a, $b , %ENV , $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F , @F , @INC , %INC ,
$INPLACE_EDIT, $^I , $^M , $OSNAME, $^O , %SIG , $BASETIME,
$^T , $PERL_VERSION, $^V , ${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}
, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X
Variables related to regular expressions
$<digits> ($1, $2, ...) , $MATCH, $& , ${^MATCH} ,
$PREMATCH, $` , ${^PREMATCH} , $POSTMATCH, $'
, ${^POSTMATCH} , $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+ ,
$LAST_SUBMATCH_RESULT, $^N , @LAST_MATCH_END, @+ ,
%LAST_PAREN_MATCH, %+ , @LAST_MATCH_START, @- , "$`" is the
same as "substr($var, 0, $-[0])", $& is the same as
"substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])", "$'" is the same as
"substr($var, $+[0])", $1 is the same as "substr($var, $-[1],
$+[1] - $-[1])", $2 is the same as "substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] -
$-[2])", $3 is the same as "substr($var, $-[3], $+[3] -
$-[3])", %LAST_MATCH_START, %- , $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R
, ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS} , ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}
Variables related to filehandles
$ARGV , @ARGV , ARGV , ARGVOUT ,
IO::Handle->output_field_separator( EXPR ),
$OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $, ,
HANDLE->input_line_number( EXPR ), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $.
, IO::Handle->input_record_separator( EXPR ),
$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/ ,
IO::Handle->output_record_separator( EXPR ),
$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\ , HANDLE->autoflush( EXPR
), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $| , ${^LAST_FH} , $ACCUMULATOR, $^A
, IO::Handle->format_formfeed(EXPR), $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L ,
HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $% ,
HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $- ,
IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $: ,
HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=
, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^ ,
HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_NAME, $~
Error Variables
${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE} , $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E
, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S , $WARNING, $^W ,
${^WARNING_BITS} , $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $! , %OS_ERROR, %ERRNO,
%! , $CHILD_ERROR, $? , $EVAL_ERROR, $@
Variables related to the interpreter state
$COMPILING, $^C , $DEBUGGING, $^D , ${^ENCODING} ,
${^GLOBAL_PHASE} , CONSTRUCT, START, CHECK, INIT, RUN, END,
DESTRUCT, $^H , %^H , ${^OPEN} , $PERLDB, $^P , 0x01, 0x02,
0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, 0x800,
0x1000, ${^TAINT} , ${^UNICODE} , ${^UTF8CACHE} ,
${^UTF8LOCALE}
Deprecated and removed variables
$# , $* , $[ , $]
perlre - Perl regular expressions
DESCRIPTION
Modifiers
m , s , i , x , p
, a, d, l and u , Other Modifiers
Regular Expressions
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]
Quoting metacharacters
Extended Patterns
"(?#text)" , "(?adlupimsx-imsx)", "(?^alupimsx)" ,
"(?:pattern)" , "(?adluimsx-imsx:pattern)",
"(?^aluimsx:pattern)" , "(?|pattern)" , Look-Around Assertions
, "(?=pattern)" , "(?!pattern)" , "(?<=pattern)" "\K"
, "(?<!pattern)" , "(?'NAME'pattern)", "(?<NAME>pattern)" ,
"\k<NAME>", "\k'NAME'", "(?{ code })"
, "(??{ code })" , "(?PARNO)" "(?-PARNO)" "(?+PARNO)"
"(?R)" "(?0)"
, "(?&NAME)" , "(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)" ,
"(?(condition)yes-pattern)", (1) (2) .., (<NAME>) ('NAME'),
(?=...) (?!...) (?<=...) (?<!...), (?{ CODE }), (R), (R1) (R2)
.., (R&NAME), (DEFINE), "(?>pattern)" , "(?[ ])"
Special Backtracking Control Verbs
Verbs that take an argument, "(*PRUNE)" "(*PRUNE:NAME)" ,
"(*SKIP)" "(*SKIP:NAME)" , "(*MARK:NAME)" "(*:NAME)" ,
"(*THEN)" "(*THEN:NAME)", Verbs without an argument,
"(*COMMIT)" , "(*FAIL)" "(*F)" , "(*ACCEPT)"
Backtracking
Version 8 Regular Expressions
Warning on \1 Instead of $1
Repeated Patterns Matching a Zero-length Substring
Combining RE Pieces
"ST", "S|T", "S{REPEAT_COUNT}", "S{min,max}", "S{min,max}?",
"S?", "S*", "S+", "S??", "S*?", "S+?", "(?>S)", "(?=S)",
"(?<=S)", "(?!S)", "(?<!S)", "(??{ EXPR })", "(?PARNO)",
"(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)"
Creating Custom RE Engines
Embedded Code Execution Frequency
PCRE/Python Support
"(?P<NAME>pattern)", "(?P=NAME)", "(?P>NAME)"
BUGS
SEE ALSO
perlrebackslash - Perl Regular Expression Backslash Sequences and Escapes
DESCRIPTION
The backslash
[1]
All the sequences and escapes
Character Escapes
[1], [2]
Modifiers
Character classes
Referencing
Assertions
\A, \z, \Z, \G, \b, \B
Misc
\C, \K, \N, \R , \X
perlrecharclass - Perl Regular Expression Character Classes
DESCRIPTION
The dot
Backslash sequences
If the "/a" modifier is in effect .., otherwise .., For code
points above 255 .., For code points below 256 .., if locale
rules are in effect .., if Unicode rules are in effect ..,
otherwise .., If the "/a" modifier is in effect .., otherwise
.., For code points above 255 .., For code points below 256 ..,
if locale rules are in effect .., if Unicode rules are in
effect .., otherwise .., [1], [2]
Bracketed Character Classes
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], If the "/a" modifier, is in
effect .., otherwise .., For code points above 255 .., For code
points below 256 .., if locale rules are in effect .., "word",
"ascii", "blank", if Unicode rules are in effect .., otherwise
..
perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
DESCRIPTION
OPERATORS
SYNTAX
ESCAPE SEQUENCES
CHARACTER CLASSES
ANCHORS
QUANTIFIERS
EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
VARIABLES
FUNCTIONS
TERMINOLOGY
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
THANKS
perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
NOTE
DESCRIPTION
Making References
1. , 2.
, 3.
, 4. , 5. , 6. , 7.
Using References
Circular References
Symbolic references
Not-so-symbolic references
Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
Function Templates
WARNING
Postfix Dereference Syntax
Postfix Reference Slicing
SEE ALSO
perlform - Perl formats
DESCRIPTION
Text Fields
Numeric Fields
The Field @* for Variable-Width Multi-Line Text
The Field ^* for Variable-Width One-line-at-a-time Text
Specifying Values
Using Fill Mode
Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
Repeating Format Lines
Top of Form Processing
Format Variables
NOTES
Footers
Accessing Formatting Internals
WARNINGS
perlobj - Perl object reference
DESCRIPTION
An Object is Simply a Data Structure
A Class is Simply a Package
A Method is Simply a Subroutine
Method Invocation
Inheritance
Writing Constructors
Attributes
An Aside About Smarter and Safer Code
Method Call Variations
Invoking Class Methods
"bless", "blessed", and "ref"
The UNIVERSAL Class
isa($class) , DOES($role) , can($method) , VERSION($need)
AUTOLOAD
Destructors
Non-Hash Objects
Inside-Out objects
Pseudo-hashes
SEE ALSO
perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tying Scalars
TIESCALAR classname, LIST , FETCH this , STORE this, value ,
UNTIE this , DESTROY this
Tying Arrays
TIEARRAY classname, LIST , FETCH this, index , STORE this,
index, value , FETCHSIZE this , STORESIZE this, count , EXTEND
this, count , EXISTS this, key , DELETE this, key , CLEAR this
, PUSH this, LIST
, POP this , SHIFT this , UNSHIFT this, LIST , SPLICE this,
offset, length, LIST , UNTIE this , DESTROY this
Tying Hashes
USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST , FETCH
this, key , STORE this, key, value , DELETE this, key , CLEAR
this , EXISTS this, key , FIRSTKEY this , NEXTKEY this, lastkey
, SCALAR this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this
Tying FileHandles
TIEHANDLE classname, LIST , WRITE this, LIST , PRINT this, LIST
, PRINTF this, LIST , READ this, LIST , READLINE this , GETC
this , EOF this , CLOSE this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this
UNTIE this
The "untie" Gotcha
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHOR
perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key,
filter_fetch_value
The Filter
An Example: the NULL termination problem.
Another Example: Key is a C int.
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe
subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
DESCRIPTION
Signals
Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
Long-running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system
calls, Signals as "faults", Signals triggered by operating
system state
Named Pipes
Using open() for IPC
Filehandles
Background Processes
Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
Safe Pipe Opens
Avoiding Pipe Deadlocks
Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
Sockets: Client/Server Communication
Internet Line Terminators
Internet TCP Clients and Servers
Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
TCP Clients with IO::Socket
A Simple Client
"Proto", "PeerAddr", "PeerPort"
A Webget Client
Interactive Client with IO::Socket
TCP Servers with IO::Socket
Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
UDP: Message Passing
SysV IPC
NOTES
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that
accept filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(),
Open handles to files, directories and network sockets
Resource limits
Killing the parent process
Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Open directory handles, Forking
pipe open() not yet implemented, Global state maintained by XSUBs,
Interpreter embedded in larger application, Thread-safety of
extensions
PORTABILITY CAVEATS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Storing numbers
Numeric operators and numeric conversions
Flavors of Perl numeric operations
Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during "use
integer", Other mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise
operators during "use integer", Operators which expect an integer,
Operators which expect a string
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlthrtut - Tutorial on threads in Perl
DESCRIPTION
What Is A Thread Anyway?
Threaded Program Models
Boss/Worker
Work Crew
Pipeline
What kind of threads are Perl threads?
Thread-Safe Modules
Thread Basics
Basic Thread Support
A Note about the Examples
Creating Threads
Waiting For A Thread To Exit
Ignoring A Thread
Process and Thread Termination
Threads And Data
Shared And Unshared Data
Thread Pitfalls: Races
Synchronization and control
Controlling access: lock()
A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
Queues: Passing Data Around
Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
Basic semaphores
Advanced Semaphores
Waiting for a Condition
Giving up control
General Thread Utility Routines
What Thread Am I In?
Thread IDs
Are These Threads The Same?
What Threads Are Running?
A Complete Example
Different implementations of threads
Performance considerations
Process-scope Changes
Thread-Safety of System Libraries
Conclusion
SEE ALSO
Bibliography
Introductory Texts
OS-Related References
Other References
Acknowledgements
AUTHOR
Copyrights
perlport - Writing portable Perl
DESCRIPTION
Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl
already is portable
ISSUES
Newlines
Numbers endianness and Width
Files and Filesystems
System Interaction
Command names versus file pathnames
Networking
Interprocess Communication (IPC)
External Subroutines (XS)
Standard Modules
Time and Date
Character sets and character encoding
Internationalisation
System Resources
Security
Style
CPAN Testers
PLATFORMS
Unix
DOS and Derivatives
VMS
VOS
EBCDIC Platforms
Acorn RISC OS
Other perls
FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
-X, alarm, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt,
dbmclose, dbmopen, dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork,
getlogin, getpgrp, getppid, getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam,
getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid, getnetbyaddr,
getprotobynumber, getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent,
gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent,
seekdir, sethostent, setnetent, setprotoent, setservent,
endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent,
endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob, gmtime,
ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link, localtime, lstat,
msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, readlink, rename,
rewinddir, select, semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp,
setpriority, setpwent, setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread,
shmwrite, sleep, sockatmark, socketpair, stat, symlink,
syscall, sysopen, system, telldir, times, truncate, umask,
utime, wait, waitpid
Supported Platforms
Linux (x86, ARM, IA64), HP-UX, AIX, Win32, Windows 2000, Windows
XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008,
Windows 7, Cygwin, Solaris (x86, SPARC), OpenVMS, Alpha (7.2 and
later), I64 (8.2 and later), Symbian, NetBSD, FreeBSD, Debian
GNU/kFreeBSD, Haiku, Irix (6.5. What else?), OpenBSD, Dragonfly
BSD, Midnight BSD, QNX Neutrino RTOS (6.5.0), MirOS BSD, Stratus
OpenVOS (17.0 or later), time_t issues that may or may not be
fixed, Symbian (Series 60 v3, 3.2 and 5 - what else?), Stratus VOS
/ OpenVOS, AIX, Android, FreeMINT
EOL Platforms
(Perl 5.20)
AT&T 3b1
(Perl 5.14)
Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows NT4
(Perl 5.12)
Atari MiNT, Apollo Domain/OS, Apple Mac OS 8/9, Tenon Machten
Supported Platforms (Perl 5.8)
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization)
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS A LOCALE
Category "LC_NUMERIC": Numeric formatting, Category "LC_MONETARY":
Formatting of monetary amounts, Category "LC_TIME": Date/Time
formatting, Category "LC_MESSAGES": Error and other messages,
Category "LC_COLLATE": Collation, Category "LC_CTYPE": Character
Types, Other categories
PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
USING LOCALES
The use locale pragma
Not within the scope of any "use locale" variant, Lingering
effects of "use locale", Under "use locale ':not_characters';",
Under just plain ""use locale";"
The setlocale function
Finding locales
LOCALE PROBLEMS
Testing for broken locales
Temporarily fixing locale problems
Permanently fixing locale problems
Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
Fixing system locale configuration
The localeconv function
I18N::Langinfo
LOCALE CATEGORIES
Category "LC_COLLATE": Collation
Category "LC_CTYPE": Character Types
Category "LC_NUMERIC": Numeric Formatting
Category "LC_MONETARY": Formatting of monetary amounts
"LC_TIME"
Other categories
SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT
PERL_SKIP_LOCALE_INIT, PERL_BADLANG, "LC_ALL", "LANGUAGE",
"LC_CTYPE", "LC_COLLATE", "LC_MONETARY", "LC_NUMERIC", "LC_TIME",
"LANG"
Examples
NOTES
String "eval" and "LC_NUMERIC"
Backward compatibility
I18N:Collate obsolete
Sort speed and memory use impacts
Freely available locale definitions
I18n and l10n
An imperfect standard
Unicode and UTF-8
BUGS
Broken systems
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
DESCRIPTION
Unicode
Perl's Unicode Support
Perl's Unicode Model
Unicode and EBCDIC
Creating Unicode
Handling Unicode
Legacy Encodings
Unicode I/O
Displaying Unicode As Text
Special Cases
Advanced Topics
Miscellaneous
Questions With Answers
Hexadecimal Notation
Further Resources
UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Important Caveats
Safest if you "use feature 'unicode_strings'", Input and Output
Layers, "use utf8" still needed to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in
scripts, "BOM"-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts autodetected,
"use encoding" needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings
Byte and Character Semantics
Effects of Character Semantics
Unicode Character Properties
"\p{All}", "\p{Alnum}", "\p{Any}", "\p{ASCII}", "\p{Assigned}",
"\p{Blank}", "\p{Decomposition_Type: Non_Canonical}" (Short:
"\p{Dt=NonCanon}"), "\p{Graph}", "\p{HorizSpace}", "\p{In=*}",
"\p{PerlSpace}", "\p{PerlWord}", "\p{Posix...}",
"\p{Present_In: *}" (Short: "\p{In=*}"), "\p{Print}",
"\p{SpacePerl}", "\p{Title}" and "\p{Titlecase}",
"\p{Unicode}", "\p{VertSpace}", "\p{Word}", "\p{XPosix...}"
User-Defined Character Properties
User-Defined Case Mappings (for serious hackers only)
Character Encodings for Input and Output
Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], Regular expression look-ahead, CPAN
module "Unicode::Regex::Set", "User-Defined Character
Properties", [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
Unicode Encodings
Non-character code points
Beyond Unicode code points
Security Implications of Unicode
Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
Locales
When Unicode Does Not Happen
The "Unicode Bug"
Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
Using Unicode in XS
Hacking Perl to work on earlier Unicode versions (for very serious
hackers only)
BUGS
Interaction with Locales
Problems with characters in the Latin-1 Supplement range
Interaction with Extensions
Speed
Problems on EBCDIC platforms
Porting code from perl-5.6.X
SEE ALSO
perlunicook - cookbookish examples of handling Unicode in Perl
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
X 0: Standard preamble
X 1: Generic Unicode-savvy filter
X 2: Fine-tuning Unicode warnings
X 3: Declare source in utf8 for identifiers and literals
X 4: Characters and their numbers
X 5: Unicode literals by character number
X 6: Get character name by number
X 7: Get character number by name
X 8: Unicode named characters
X 9: Unicode named sequences
X 10: Custom named characters
X 11: Names of CJK codepoints
X 12: Explicit encode/decode
X 13: Decode program arguments as utf8
X 14: Decode program arguments as locale encoding
X 15: Declare STD{IN,OUT,ERR} to be utf8
X 16: Declare STD{IN,OUT,ERR} to be in locale encoding
X 17: Make file I/O default to utf8
X 18: Make all I/O and args default to utf8
X 19: Open file with specific encoding
X 20: Unicode casing
X 21: Unicode case-insensitive comparisons
X 22: Match Unicode linebreak sequence in regex
X 23: Get character category
X 24: Disabling Unicode-awareness in builtin charclasses
X 25: Match Unicode properties in regex with \p, \P
X 26: Custom character properties
X 27: Unicode normalization
X 28: Convert non-ASCII Unicode numerics
X 29: Match Unicode grapheme cluster in regex
X 30: Extract by grapheme instead of by codepoint (regex)
X 31: Extract by grapheme instead of by codepoint (substr)
X 32: Reverse string by grapheme
X 33: String length in graphemes
X 34: Unicode column-width for printing
X 35: Unicode collation
X 36: Case- and accent-insensitive Unicode sort
X 37: Unicode locale collation
X 38: Making "cmp" work on text instead of codepoints
X 39: Case- and accent-insensitive comparisons
X 40: Case- and accent-insensitive locale comparisons
X 41: Unicode linebreaking
X 42: Unicode text in DBM hashes, the tedious way
X 43: Unicode text in DBM hashes, the easy way
X 44: PROGRAM: Demo of Unicode collation and printing
SEE ALSO
X3.13 Default Case Algorithms, page 113; X4.2 Case, pages 120X122;
Case Mappings, page 166X172, especially Caseless Matching starting
on page 170, UAX #44: Unicode Character Database, UTS #18: Unicode
Regular Expressions, UAX #15: Unicode Normalization Forms, UTS #10:
Unicode Collation Algorithm, UAX #29: Unicode Text Segmentation,
UAX #14: Unicode Line Breaking Algorithm, UAX #11: East Asian Width
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE
REVISION HISTORY
perlunifaq - Perl Unicode FAQ
Q and A
perlunitut isn't really a Unicode tutorial, is it?
What character encodings does Perl support?
Which version of perl should I use?
What about binary data, like images?
When should I decode or encode?
What if I don't decode?
What if I don't encode?
Is there a way to automatically decode or encode?
What if I don't know which encoding was used?
Can I use Unicode in my Perl sources?
Data::Dumper doesn't restore the UTF8 flag; is it broken?
Why do regex character classes sometimes match only in the ASCII
range?
Why do some characters not uppercase or lowercase correctly?
How can I determine if a string is a text string or a binary
string?
How do I convert from encoding FOO to encoding BAR?
What are "decode_utf8" and "encode_utf8"?
What is a "wide character"?
INTERNALS
What is "the UTF8 flag"?
What about the "use bytes" pragma?
What about the "use encoding" pragma?
What is the difference between ":encoding" and ":utf8"?
What's the difference between "UTF-8" and "utf8"?
I lost track; what encoding is the internal format really?
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perluniprops - Index of Unicode Version 6.3.0 character properties in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Properties accessible through "\p{}" and "\P{}"
Single form ("\p{name}") tighter rules:, white space adjacent to a
non-word character, underscores separating digits in numbers,
Compound form ("\p{name=value}" or "\p{name:value}") tighter
rules:, Stabilized, Deprecated, Obsolete
Legal "\p{}" and "\P{}" constructs that match no characters
\p{Canonical_Combining_Class=Attached_Below_Left},
\p{Canonical_Combining_Class=CCC133},
\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Prepend}
Properties accessible through Unicode::UCD
Properties accessible through other means
Unicode character properties that are NOT accepted by Perl
Expands_On_NFC (XO_NFC), Expands_On_NFD (XO_NFD), Expands_On_NFKC
(XO_NFKC), Expands_On_NFKD (XO_NFKD), Grapheme_Link (Gr_Link),
Indic_Matra_Category (InMC), Indic_Syllabic_Category (InSC),
Jamo_Short_Name (JSN), Other_Alphabetic (OAlpha),
Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point (ODI), Other_Grapheme_Extend
(OGr_Ext), Other_ID_Continue (OIDC), Other_ID_Start (OIDS),
Other_Lowercase (OLower), Other_Math (OMath), Other_Uppercase
(OUpper), Script=Katakana_Or_Hiragana (sc=Hrkt),
Script_Extensions=Katakana_Or_Hiragana (scx=Hrkt)
Other information in the Unicode data base
auxiliary/GraphemeBreakTest.html, auxiliary/LineBreakTest.html,
auxiliary/SentenceBreakTest.html, auxiliary/WordBreakTest.html,
auxiliary/LBTest.txt, auxiliary/SBTest.txt, auxiliary/WBTest.txt,
BidiCharacterTest.txt, BidiTest.txt, NormTest.txt, CJKRadicals.txt,
EmojiSources.txt, Index.txt, IndicMatraCategory.txt,
IndicSyllabicCategory.txt, NamedSqProv.txt, NamesList.html,
NamesList.txt, NormalizationCorrections.txt, Props.txt, ReadMe.txt,
StandardizedVariants.html, StandardizedVariants.txt,
USourceData.txt, USourceGlyphs.pdf
SEE ALSO
perlunitut - Perl Unicode Tutorial
DESCRIPTION
Definitions
Your new toolkit
I/O flow (the actual 5 minute tutorial)
SUMMARY
Q and A (or FAQ)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
DESCRIPTION
COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
ASCII
ISO 8859
Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
EBCDIC
0037, 1047, POSIX-BC
Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
Unicode and UTF
Using Encode
SINGLE OCTET TABLES
recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe
6
IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
CONVERSIONS
"utf8::unicode_to_native()" and "utf8::native_to_unicode()"
tr///
iconv
C RTL
OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(),
unpack()
REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
SOCKETS
SORTING
Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
MONO CASE then sort data.
Convert, sort data, then re convert.
Perform sorting on one type of platform only.
TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
URL decoding and encoding
uu encoding and decoding
Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
Caesarean ciphers
Hashing order and checksums
I18N AND L10N
MULTI-OCTET CHARACTER SETS
OS ISSUES
OS/400
PASE, IFS access
OS/390, z/OS
chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
POSIX-BC?
BUGS
SEE ALSO
REFERENCES
HISTORY
AUTHOR
perlsec - Perl security
DESCRIPTION
SECURITY VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION
SECURITY MECHANISMS AND CONCERNS
Taint mode
Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
Switches On the "#!" Line
Taint mode and @INC
Cleaning Up Your Path
Security Bugs
Protecting Your Programs
Unicode
Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
Hash Seed Randomization, Hash Traversal Randomization, Bucket
Order Perturbance, New Default Hash Function, Alternative Hash
Functions
SEE ALSO
perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
DESCRIPTION
Is this the document you were after?
This doc, perlnewmod, perlmodstyle
Packages
Symbol Tables
BEGIN, UNITCHECK, CHECK, INIT and END
Perl Classes
Perl Modules
Making your module threadsafe
SEE ALSO
perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
Pragmatic Modules
arybase, attributes, autodie, autodie::exception,
autodie::exception::system, autodie::hints, autodie::skip,
autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames,
constant, deprecate, diagnostics, encoding, encoding::warnings,
experimental, feature, fields, filetest, if, inc::latest,
integer, less, lib, locale, mro, open, ops, overload,
overloading, parent, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads,
threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, vmsish, warnings,
warnings::register
Standard Modules
AnyDBM_File, App::Cpan, App::Prove, App::Prove::State,
App::Prove::State::Result, App::Prove::State::Result::Test,
Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File, Attribute::Handlers,
AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse,
B::Showlex, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, "IO::Socket::IP",
"Socket", CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast,
CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CORE, CPAN,
CPAN::API::HOWTO, CPAN::Debug, CPAN::Distroprefs,
CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::HandleConfig, CPAN::Kwalify, CPAN::Meta,
CPAN::Meta::Converter, CPAN::Meta::Feature,
CPAN::Meta::History, CPAN::Meta::Prereqs,
CPAN::Meta::Requirements, CPAN::Meta::Spec,
CPAN::Meta::Validator, CPAN::Meta::YAML, CPAN::Nox,
CPAN::Queue, CPAN::Tarzip, CPAN::Version, Carp, Class::Struct,
Compress::Raw::Bzip2, Compress::Raw::Zlib, Compress::Zlib,
Config, Config::Perl::V, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter,
DBM_Filter::compress, DBM_Filter::encode, DBM_Filter::int32,
DBM_Filter::null, DBM_Filter::utf8, DB_File, Data::Dumper,
Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest,
Digest::MD5, Digest::SHA, Digest::base, Digest::file,
DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias,
Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ,
Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder,
Encode::Encoding, Encode::GSM0338, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP,
Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR,
Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Name,
Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW,
Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno,
Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::CBuilder,
ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows, ExtUtils::Command,
ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant,
ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils,
ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM,
ExtUtils::MM_AIX, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS,
ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtUtils::MM_Darwin,
ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2,
ExtUtils::MM_QNX, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix,
ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ,
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::Manifest,
ExtUtils::Miniperl, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap,
ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS,
ExtUtils::ParseXS::Constants, ExtUtils::ParseXS::Eval,
ExtUtils::ParseXS::Utilities, ExtUtils::Typemaps,
ExtUtils::Typemaps::Cmd, ExtUtils::Typemaps::InputMap,
ExtUtils::Typemaps::OutputMap, ExtUtils::Typemaps::Type,
ExtUtils::XSSymSet, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl,
File::Basename, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob,
File::Fetch, File::Find, File::Glob, File::GlobMapper,
File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc,
File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2,
File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32,
File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple,
Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long,
Getopt::Std, HTTP::Tiny, Hash::Util, Hash::Util::FieldHash,
I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::Detect,
I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Compress::Base,
IO::Compress::Bzip2, IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::FAQ,
IO::Compress::Gzip, IO::Compress::RawDeflate,
IO::Compress::Zip, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe,
IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket,
IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate,
IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress, IO::Uncompress::Base,
IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2, IO::Uncompress::Gunzip,
IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Uncompress::RawInflate,
IO::Uncompress::Unzip, IO::Zlib, IPC::Cmd, IPC::Msg,
IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::Semaphore, IPC::SharedMem,
IPC::SysV, JSON::PP, JSON::PP::Boolean, List::Util,
List::Util::XS, Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API,
Locale::Codes::Changes, Locale::Codes::Constants,
Locale::Codes::Country, Locale::Codes::Currency,
Locale::Codes::LangExt, Locale::Codes::LangFam,
Locale::Codes::LangFam_Retired, Locale::Codes::LangVar,
Locale::Codes::Language, Locale::Codes::Script,
Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language,
Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::Cookbook,
Locale::Maketext::Guts, Locale::Maketext::GutsLoader,
Locale::Maketext::Simple, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13,
Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, MIME::QuotedPrint,
Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc,
Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigInt::FastCalc, Math::BigRat,
Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File,
Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest,
Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable,
Module::Build, Module::Build::API, Module::Build::Authoring,
Module::Build::Base, Module::Build::Bundling,
Module::Build::Compat, Module::Build::ConfigData,
Module::Build::Cookbook, Module::Build::ModuleInfo,
Module::Build::Notes, Module::Build::PPMMaker,
Module::Build::Platform::Default,
Module::Build::Platform::MacOS, Module::Build::Platform::Unix,
Module::Build::Platform::VMS, Module::Build::Platform::VOS,
Module::Build::Platform::Windows, Module::Build::Platform::aix,
Module::Build::Platform::cygwin,
Module::Build::Platform::darwin, Module::Build::Platform::os2,
Module::Build::Version, Module::Build::YAML, Module::CoreList,
Module::CoreList::Utils, Module::Load,
Module::Load::Conditional, Module::Loaded, Module::Metadata,
NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP,
Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP,
Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent,
Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX,
Package::Constants, Params::Check, Parse::CPAN::Meta,
Perl::OSType, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::mmap,
PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint,
Pod::Escapes, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html,
Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils,
Pod::Parser, Pod::Perldoc, Pod::Perldoc::BaseTo,
Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO, Pod::Perldoc::ToANSI,
Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan,
Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, Pod::Perldoc::ToPod,
Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToTerm,
Pod::Perldoc::ToText, Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml,
Pod::PlainText, Pod::Select, Pod::Simple, Pod::Simple::Checker,
Pod::Simple::Debug, Pod::Simple::DumpAsText,
Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML, Pod::Simple::HTML,
Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch, Pod::Simple::LinkSection,
Pod::Simple::Methody, Pod::Simple::PullParser,
Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken,
Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken,
Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserToken,
Pod::Simple::RTF, Pod::Simple::Search, Pod::Simple::SimpleTree,
Pod::Simple::Subclassing, Pod::Simple::Text,
Pod::Simple::TextContent, Pod::Simple::XHTML,
Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util,
Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Storable, Symbol,
Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Syslog::Win32, TAP::Base,
TAP::Formatter::Base, TAP::Formatter::Color,
TAP::Formatter::Console,
TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession,
TAP::Formatter::Console::Session, TAP::Formatter::File,
TAP::Formatter::File::Session, TAP::Formatter::Session,
TAP::Harness, TAP::Harness::Env, TAP::Object, TAP::Parser,
TAP::Parser::Aggregator, TAP::Parser::Grammar,
TAP::Parser::Iterator, TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array,
TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process, TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream,
TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory, TAP::Parser::Multiplexer,
TAP::Parser::Result, TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout,
TAP::Parser::Result::Comment, TAP::Parser::Result::Plan,
TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma, TAP::Parser::Result::Test,
TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown, TAP::Parser::Result::Version,
TAP::Parser::Result::YAML, TAP::Parser::ResultFactory,
TAP::Parser::Scheduler, TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job,
TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner, TAP::Parser::Source,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP,
TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader, TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer,
Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine,
Test, Test::Builder, Test::Builder::Module,
Test::Builder::Tester, Test::Builder::Tester::Color,
Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Beyond, Test::More, Test::Simple,
Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords,
Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue,
Thread::Semaphore, Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle,
Tie::Hash, Tie::Hash::NamedCapture, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash,
Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdHandle, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes,
Time::Local, Time::Piece, Time::Seconds, Time::gmtime,
Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate,
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Big5, Unicode::Collate::CJK::GB2312,
Unicode::Collate::CJK::JISX0208, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Korean,
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Pinyin, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Stroke,
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Zhuyin, Unicode::Collate::Locale,
Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent,
VMS::DCLsym, VMS::Filespec, VMS::Stdio, Win32, Win32API::File,
Win32CORE, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, XSLoader,
version::Internals
Extension Modules
CPAN
Africa
South Africa
Asia
China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea,
Russia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey
Central America
Costa Rica
Europe
Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United
Kingdom
North America
Bahamas, Canada, Mexico, United States, Alabama, Arizona,
California, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts,
Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina,
Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
Oceania
Australia, New Zealand
South America
Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia
RSYNC Mirrors
Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
Guidelines for Module Creation
Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
NOTE
perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
INTRODUCTION
QUICK CHECKLIST
Before you start
The API
Stability
Documentation
Release considerations
BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
Has it been done before?
Do one thing and do it well
What's in a name?
DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
To OO or not to OO?
Designing your API
Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate
functionality from output, Provide sensible shortcuts and
defaults, Naming conventions, Parameter passing
Strictness and warnings
Backwards compatibility
Error handling and messages
DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
POD
README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL,
perl Build, perl Build test, perl Build install
RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
Version numbering
Pre-requisites
Testing
Packaging
Licensing
COMMON PITFALLS
Reinventing the wheel
Trying to do too much
Inappropriate documentation
SEE ALSO
perlstyle, perlnewmod, perlpod, podchecker, Packaging Tools,
Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
engineering
AUTHOR
perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
DESCRIPTION
PREAMBLE
DECOMPRESS the file, UNPACK the file into a directory, BUILD
the module (sometimes unnecessary), INSTALL the module
PORTABILITY
HEY
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
DESCRIPTION
Warning
What should I make into a module?
Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name,
Check again
Step-by-step: Making the module
Start with module-starter or h2xs, Use strict and warnings, Use
Carp, Use Exporter - wisely!, Use plain old documentation,
Write tests, Write the README
Step-by-step: Distributing your module
Get a CPAN user ID, "perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist",
Upload the tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to
clpa, Fix bugs!
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlpragma - how to write a user pragma
DESCRIPTION
A basic example
Key naming
Implementation details
perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
DESCRIPTION
LIST OF UTILITIES
Documentation
perldoc, pod2man and pod2text, pod2html, pod2usage, podselect,
podchecker, splain, "roffitall"
Converters
a2p, s2p and psed, find2perl
Administration
config_data, libnetcfg, perlivp
Development
perlbug, perlthanks, h2ph, c2ph and pstruct, h2xs, enc2xs,
xsubpp, prove, corelist
General tools
piconv, ptar, ptardiff, ptargrep, shasum, zipdetails
Installation
cpan, instmodsh
SEE ALSO
perlfilter - Source Filters
DESCRIPTION
CONCEPTS
USING FILTERS
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
Decryption Filters
CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
CONCLUSION
THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
Some Filters Clobber the "DATA" Handle
REQUIREMENTS
AUTHOR
Copyrights
perldtrace - Perl's support for DTrace
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
PROBES
sub-entry(SUBNAME, FILE, LINE, PACKAGE), sub-return(SUBNAME, FILE,
LINE, PACKAGE), phase-change(NEWPHASE, OLDPHASE), op-entry(OPNAME),
loading-file(FILENAME), loaded-file(FILENAME)
EXAMPLES
Most frequently called functions, Trace function calls, Function
calls during interpreter cleanup, System calls at compile time,
Perl functions that execute the most opcodes
REFERENCES
DTrace Dynamic Tracing Guide, DTrace: Dynamic Tracing in Oracle
Solaris, Mac OS X and FreeBSD
SEE ALSO
Devel::DTrace::Provider
AUTHORS
perlglossary - Perl Glossary
DESCRIPTION
A accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator,
algorithm, alias, alphabetic, alternatives, anonymous,
application, architecture, argument, ARGV, arithmetical
operator, array, array context, Artistic License, ASCII,
assertion, assignment, assignment operator, associative array,
associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic operation, attribute,
autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit,
autovivification, AV, awk
B backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword,
base class, big-endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit
shift, bit string, bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering,
Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint, broadcast, BSD, bucket,
buffer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode
C C, cache, callback, call by reference, call by value,
canonical, capture variables, capturing, cargo cult, case,
casefolding, casemapping, character, character class, character
property, circumfix operator, class, class method, client,
closure, cluster, CODE, code generator, codepoint, code
subpattern, collating sequence, co-maintainer, combining
character, command, command buffering, command-line arguments,
command name, comment, compilation unit, compile, compile
phase, compiler, compile time, composer, concatenation,
conditional, connection, construct, constructor, context,
continuation, core dump, CPAN, C preprocessor, cracker,
currently selected output channel, current package, current
working directory, CV
D dangling statement, datagram, data structure, data type, DBM,
declaration, declarator, decrement, default, defined,
delimiter, dereference, derived class, descriptor, destroy,
destructor, device, directive, directory, directory handle,
discipline, dispatch, distribution, dual-lived, dweomer,
dwimmer, dynamic scoping
E eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test,
encapsulation, endian, en passant, environment, environment
variable, EOF, errno, error, escape sequence, exception,
exception handling, exec, executable file, execute, execute
bit, exit status, exploit, export, expression, extension
F false, FAQ, fatal error, feeping creaturism, field, FIFO, file,
file descriptor, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem,
file test operator, filter, first-come, flag, floating point,
flush, FMTEYEWTK, foldcase, fork, formal arguments, format,
freely available, freely redistributable, freeware, function,
funny character
G garbage collection, GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue
language, granularity, grapheme, greedy, grep, group, GV
H hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file,
here document, hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris, HV
I identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment,
indexing, indirect filehandle, indirection, indirect object,
indirect object slot, infix, inheritance, instance, instance
data, instance method, instance variable, integer, interface,
interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O, IO, I/O
layer, IPA, IP, IPC, is-a, iteration, iterator, IV
J JAPH
K key, keyword
L label, laziness, leftmost longest, left shift, lexeme, lexer,
lexical analysis, lexical scoping, lexical variable, library,
LIFO, line, linebreak, line buffering, line number, link, LIST,
list, list context, list operator, list value, literal, little-
endian, local, logical operator, lookahead, lookbehind, loop,
loop control statement, loop label, lowercase, lvaluable,
lvalue, lvalue modifier
M magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man,
manpage, matching, member data, memory, metacharacter,
metasymbol, method, method resolution order, minicpan,
minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, mojibake, monger,
mortal, mro, multidimensional array, multiple inheritance
N named pipe, namespace, NaN, network address, newline, NFS,
normalization, null character, null list, null string, numeric
context, numification, NV, nybble
O object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software,
operand, operating system, operator, operator overloading,
options, ordinal, overloading, overriding, owner
P package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing,
patch, PATH, pathname, pattern, pattern matching, PAUSE, Perl
mongers, permission bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline, platform, pod,
pod command, pointer, polymorphism, port, portable, porter,
possessive, POSIX, postfix, pp, pragma, precedence, prefix,
preprocessing, primary maintainer, procedure, process, program,
program generator, progressive matching, property, protocol,
prototype, pseudofunction, pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public
domain, pumpkin, pumpking, PV
Q qualified, quantifier
R race condition, readable, reaping, record, recursion,
reference, referent, regex, regular expression, regular
expression modifier, regular file, relational operator,
reserved words, return value, RFC, right shift, role, root,
RTFM, run phase, runtime, runtime pattern, RV, rvalue
S sandbox, scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value,
scalar variable, scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed,
semaphore, separator, serialization, server, service, setgid,
setuid, shared memory, shebang, shell, side effects, sigil,
signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice, slurp,
socket, soft reference, source filter, stack, standard,
standard error, standard input, standard I/O, Standard Library,
standard output, statement, statement modifier, static, static
method, static scoping, static variable, stat structure,
status, STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT, stream, string, string
context, stringification, struct, structure, subclass,
subpattern, subroutine, subscript, substitution, substring,
superclass, superuser, SV, switch, switch cluster, switch
statement, symbol, symbolic debugger, symbolic link, symbolic
reference, symbol table, synchronous, syntactic sugar, syntax,
syntax tree, syscall
T taint checks, tainted, taint mode, TCP, term, terminator,
ternary, text, thread, tie, titlecase, TMTOWTDI, token,
tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach, topic, transliterate,
trigger, trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type casting,
typedef, typed lexical, typeglob, typemap
U UDP, UID, umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix, uppercase
V value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector,
virtual, void context, v-string
W warning, watch expression, weak reference, whitespace, word,
working directory, wrapper, WYSIWYG
X XS, XSUB
Y yacc
Z zero width, zombie
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
DESCRIPTION
PREAMBLE
Use C from Perl?, Use a Unix program from Perl?, Use Perl from
Perl?, Use C from C?, Use Perl from C?
ROADMAP
Compiling your C program
Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C
program
Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
Maintaining a persistent interpreter
Execution of END blocks
$0 assignments
Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
program
Using embedded Perl with POSIX locales
Hiding Perl_
MORAL
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
DESCRIPTION
Debugger Internals
Writing Your Own Debugger
Frame Listing Output Examples
Debugging Regular Expressions
Compile-time Output
"anchored" STRING "at" POS, "floating" STRING "at" POS1..POS2,
"matching floating/anchored", "minlen", "stclass" TYPE,
"noscan", "isall", "GPOS", "plus", "implicit", "with eval",
"anchored(TYPE)"
Types of Nodes
Run-time Output
Debugging Perl Memory Usage
Using $ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}
"buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)", Free/Used, "Total
sbrk(): SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS", "pad: 0", "heads: 2192",
"chain: 0", "tail: 6144"
SEE ALSO
perlxstut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
DESCRIPTION
SPECIAL NOTES
make
Version caveat
Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
Threads and PERL_NO_GET_CONTEXT
TUTORIAL
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
What has gone on?
Writing good test scripts
EXAMPLE 3
What's new here?
Input and Output Parameters
The XSUBPP Program
The TYPEMAP file
Warning about Output Arguments
EXAMPLE 4
What has happened here?
Anatomy of .xs file
Getting the fat out of XSUBs
More about XSUB arguments
The Argument Stack
Extending your Extension
Documenting your Extension
Installing your Extension
EXAMPLE 5
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 6
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
Troubleshooting these Examples
See also
Author
Last Changed
perlxs - XS language reference manual
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
On The Road
The Anatomy of an XSUB
The Argument Stack
The RETVAL Variable
Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
The MODULE Keyword
The PACKAGE Keyword
The PREFIX Keyword
The OUTPUT: Keyword
The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
The CODE: Keyword
The INIT: Keyword
The NO_INIT Keyword
The TYPEMAP: Keyword
Initializing Function Parameters
Default Parameter Values
The PREINIT: Keyword
The SCOPE: Keyword
The INPUT: Keyword
The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
The "length(NAME)" Keyword
Variable-length Parameter Lists
The C_ARGS: Keyword
The PPCODE: Keyword
Returning Undef And Empty Lists
The REQUIRE: Keyword
The CLEANUP: Keyword
The POSTCALL: Keyword
The BOOT: Keyword
The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
The ALIAS: Keyword
The OVERLOAD: Keyword
The FALLBACK: Keyword
The INTERFACE: Keyword
The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
The INCLUDE: Keyword
The INCLUDE_COMMAND: Keyword
The CASE: Keyword
The EXPORT_XSUB_SYMBOLS: Keyword
The & Unary Operator
Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
Using XS With C++
Interface Strategy
Perl Objects And C Structures
Safely Storing Static Data in XS
MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT,
dMY_CXT, MY_CXT, aMY_CXT/pMY_CXT, MY_CXT_CLONE,
MY_CXT_INIT_INTERP(my_perl), dMY_CXT_INTERP(my_perl)
Thread-aware system interfaces
EXAMPLES
CAVEATS
Non-locale-aware XS code, Locale-aware XS code
XS VERSION
AUTHOR
perlxstypemap - Perl XS C/Perl type mapping
DESCRIPTION
Anatomy of a typemap
The Role of the typemap File in Your Distribution
Sharing typemaps Between CPAN Distributions
Writing typemap Entries
Full Listing of Core Typemaps
T_SV, T_SVREF, T_SVREF_FIXED, T_AVREF, T_AVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED,
T_HVREF, T_HVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_CVREF,
T_CVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_SYSRET, T_UV, T_IV, T_INT, T_ENUM,
T_BOOL, T_U_INT, T_SHORT, T_U_SHORT, T_LONG, T_U_LONG, T_CHAR,
T_U_CHAR, T_FLOAT, T_NV, T_DOUBLE, T_PV, T_PTR, T_PTRREF,
T_PTROBJ, T_REF_IV_REF, T_REF_IV_PTR, T_PTRDESC, T_REFREF,
T_REFOBJ, T_OPAQUEPTR, T_OPAQUE, Implicit array, T_PACKED,
T_PACKEDARRAY, T_DATAUNIT, T_CALLBACK, T_ARRAY, T_STDIO,
T_INOUT, T_IN, T_OUT
perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
DESCRIPTION
Conventions
"t", "p", "n", "s"
File Operations
File Input and Output
File Positioning
Memory Management and String Handling
Character Class Tests
stdlib.h functions
Miscellaneous functions
SEE ALSO
perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
DESCRIPTION
Variables
Datatypes
What is an "IV"?
Working with SVs
Offsets
What's Really Stored in an SV?
Working with AVs
Working with HVs
Hash API Extensions
AVs, HVs and undefined values
References
Blessed References and Class Objects
Creating New Variables
GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
Reference Counts and Mortality
Stashes and Globs
Double-Typed SVs
Read-Only Values
Copy on Write
Magic Variables
Assigning Magic
Magic Virtual Tables
Finding Magic
Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
Localizing changes
"SAVEINT(int i)", "SAVEIV(IV i)", "SAVEI32(I32 i)",
"SAVELONG(long i)", SAVESPTR(s), SAVEPPTR(p), "SAVEFREESV(SV
*sv)", "SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)",
SAVEFREEPV(p), "SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)", "SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char
*key, I32 length)", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t
f, void *p)", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)",
"SAVESTACK_POS()", "SV* save_scalar(GV *gv)", "AV* save_ary(GV
*gv)", "HV* save_hash(GV *gv)", "void save_item(SV *item)",
"void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)", "SV* save_svref(SV
**sptr)", "void save_aptr(AV **aptr)", "void save_hptr(HV
**hptr)"
Subroutines
XSUBs and the Argument Stack
Autoloading with XSUBs
Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
Putting a C value on Perl stack
Scratchpads
Scratchpads and recursion
Memory Allocation
Allocation
Reallocation
Moving
PerlIO
Compiled code
Code tree
Examining the tree
Compile pass 1: check routines
Compile pass 1a: constant folding
Compile pass 2: context propagation
Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
Pluggable runops
Compile-time scope hooks
"void bhk_start(pTHX_ int full)", "void bhk_pre_end(pTHX_ OP
**o)", "void bhk_post_end(pTHX_ OP **o)", "void bhk_eval(pTHX_
OP *const o)"
Examining internal data structures with the "dump" functions
How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
So what happened to dTHR?
How do I use all this in extensions?
Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
Internal Functions
A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b, others
Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
Exception Handling
Source Documentation
Backwards compatibility
Unicode Support
What is Unicode, anyway?
How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
Is there anything else I need to know?
Custom Operators
xop_name, xop_desc, xop_class, OA_BASEOP, OA_UNOP, OA_BINOP,
OA_LOGOP, OA_LISTOP, OA_PMOP, OA_SVOP, OA_PADOP, OA_PVOP_OR_SVOP,
OA_LOOP, OA_COP, xop_peep
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
DESCRIPTION
An Error Handler, An Event-Driven Program
THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
FLAG VALUES
G_VOID
G_SCALAR
G_ARRAY
G_DISCARD
G_NOARGS
G_EVAL
G_KEEPERR
Determining the Context
EXAMPLES
No Parameters, Nothing Returned
Passing Parameters
Returning a Scalar
Returning a List of Values
Returning a List in a Scalar Context
Returning Data from Perl via the Parameter List
Using G_EVAL
Using G_KEEPERR
Using call_sv
Using call_argv
Using call_method
Using GIMME_V
Using Perl to Dispose of Temporaries
Strategies for Storing Callback Context Information
1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a
sequence of callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to
map to the Perl callback
Alternate Stack Manipulation
Creating and Calling an Anonymous Subroutine in C
LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DATE
perlmroapi - Perl method resolution plugin interface
DESCRIPTION
resolve, name, length, kflags, hash
Callbacks
Caching
Examples
AUTHORS
perlreapi - Perl regular expression plugin interface
DESCRIPTION
Callbacks
comp
"/m" - RXf_PMf_MULTILINE, "/s" - RXf_PMf_SINGLELINE, "/i" -
RXf_PMf_FOLD, "/x" - RXf_PMf_EXTENDED, "/p" - RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY,
Character set, RXf_SPLIT, RXf_SKIPWHITE, RXf_START_ONLY,
RXf_WHITE, RXf_NULL, RXf_NO_INPLACE_SUBST
exec
rx, sv, strbeg, strend, stringarg, minend, data, flags
intuit
checkstr
free
Numbered capture callbacks
Named capture callbacks
qr_package
dupe
op_comp
The REGEXP structure
"engine"
"mother_re"
"extflags"
"minlen" "minlenret"
"gofs"
"substrs"
"nparens", "lastparen", and "lastcloseparen"
"intflags"
"pprivate"
"swap"
"offs"
"precomp" "prelen"
"paren_names"
"substrs"
"subbeg" "sublen" "saved_copy" "suboffset" "subcoffset"
"wrapped" "wraplen"
"seen_evals"
"refcnt"
HISTORY
AUTHORS
LICENSE
perlreguts - Description of the Perl regular expression engine.
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
A quick note on terms
What is a regular expression engine?
Structure of a Regexp Program
"regnode_1", "regnode_2", "regnode_string",
"regnode_charclass", "regnode_charclass_posixl"
Process Overview
A. Compilation, 1. Parsing for size, 2. Parsing for construction,
3. Peep-hole optimisation and analysis, B. Execution, 4. Start
position and no-match optimisations, 5. Program execution
Compilation
anchored fixed strings, floating fixed strings, minimum and
maximum length requirements, start class, Beginning/End of line
positions
Execution
MISCELLANEOUS
Unicode and Localisation Support
Base Structures
"offsets", "regstclass", "data", "program"
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENCE
REFERENCES
perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
DESCRIPTION
"Gimme" Values
GIMME , GIMME_V , G_ARRAY , G_DISCARD , G_EVAL , G_NOARGS ,
G_SCALAR , G_VOID
Array Manipulation Functions
AvFILL , av_clear , av_create_and_push , av_create_and_unshift_one
, av_delete , av_exists , av_extend , av_fetch , av_fill , av_len ,
av_make , av_pop , av_push , av_shift , av_store , av_tindex ,
av_top_index , av_undef , av_unshift , get_av , newAV , sortsv ,
sortsv_flags
Callback Functions
call_argv , call_method , call_pv , call_sv , ENTER , eval_pv ,
eval_sv , FREETMPS , LEAVE , SAVETMPS
Character case changing
toFOLD , toFOLD_uni , toFOLD_utf8 , toLOWER , toLOWER_L1 ,
toLOWER_LC , toLOWER_uni , toLOWER_utf8 , toTITLE , toTITLE_uni ,
toTITLE_utf8 , toUPPER , toUPPER_uni , toUPPER_utf8
Character classes
isALPHA , isALPHANUMERIC , isASCII , isBLANK , isCNTRL , isDIGIT ,
isGRAPH , isIDCONT , isIDFIRST , isLOWER , isOCTAL , isPRINT ,
isPSXSPC , isPUNCT , isSPACE , isUPPER , isWORDCHAR , isXDIGIT
Cloning an interpreter
perl_clone
Compile-time scope hooks
BhkDISABLE , BhkENABLE , BhkENTRY_set , blockhook_register
COP Hint Hashes
cophh_2hv , cophh_copy , cophh_delete_pv , cophh_delete_pvn ,
cophh_delete_pvs , cophh_delete_sv , cophh_fetch_pv ,
cophh_fetch_pvn , cophh_fetch_pvs , cophh_fetch_sv , cophh_free ,
cophh_new_empty , cophh_store_pv , cophh_store_pvn ,
cophh_store_pvs , cophh_store_sv
COP Hint Reading
cop_hints_2hv , cop_hints_fetch_pv , cop_hints_fetch_pvn ,
cop_hints_fetch_pvs , cop_hints_fetch_sv
Custom Operators
custom_op_register , custom_op_xop , XopDISABLE , XopENABLE ,
XopENTRY , XopENTRYCUSTOM , XopENTRY_set , XopFLAGS
CV Manipulation Functions
CvSTASH , get_cv , get_cvn_flags
Debugging Utilities
dump_all , dump_packsubs , op_dump , sv_dump
Embedding Functions
cv_clone , cv_undef , find_rundefsv , find_rundefsvoffset ,
load_module , nothreadhook , pad_add_anon , pad_add_name_pv ,
pad_add_name_pvn , pad_add_name_sv , pad_alloc , pad_compname_type
, pad_findmy_pv , pad_findmy_pvn , pad_findmy_sv , pad_setsv ,
pad_sv , pad_tidy , perl_alloc , perl_construct , perl_destruct ,
perl_free , perl_parse , perl_run , require_pv
Functions in file dump.c
pv_display , pv_escape , pv_pretty
Functions in file inline.h
is_safe_syscall
Functions in file mathoms.c
custom_op_desc , custom_op_name , gv_fetchmethod , pack_cat ,
sv_2pvbyte_nolen , sv_2pvutf8_nolen , sv_2pv_nolen , sv_catpvn_mg ,
sv_catsv_mg , sv_force_normal , sv_iv , sv_nolocking ,
sv_nounlocking , sv_nv , sv_pv , sv_pvbyte , sv_pvbyten , sv_pvn ,
sv_pvutf8 , sv_pvutf8n , sv_taint , sv_unref , sv_usepvn ,
sv_usepvn_mg , sv_uv , unpack_str
Functions in file op.c
alloccopstash , op_contextualize , op_free , op_null
Functions in file perl.h
PERL_SYS_INIT , PERL_SYS_INIT3 , PERL_SYS_TERM
Functions in file pp_ctl.c
caller_cx , find_runcv
Functions in file pp_pack.c
packlist , unpackstring
Functions in file pp_sys.c
setdefout
Functions in file utf8.h
ibcmp_utf8
Functions in file util.h
ibcmp , ibcmp_locale
Functions in file vutil.c
new_version , prescan_version , scan_version , upg_version , vcmp ,
vnormal , vnumify , vstringify , vverify
Global Variables
PL_check , PL_keyword_plugin
GV Functions
GvAV , GvCV , GvHV , GvSV , gv_const_sv , gv_fetchmeth ,
gv_fetchmethod_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_pv ,
gv_fetchmeth_pvn , gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload ,
gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_sv ,
gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload , gv_init , gv_init_pv , gv_init_pvn ,
gv_init_sv , gv_stashpv , gv_stashpvn , gv_stashpvs , gv_stashsv
Handy Values
Nullav , Nullch , Nullcv , Nullhv , Nullsv
Hash Manipulation Functions
cop_fetch_label , cop_store_label , get_hv , HEf_SVKEY , HeHASH ,
HeKEY , HeKLEN , HePV , HeSVKEY , HeSVKEY_force , HeSVKEY_set ,
HeUTF8 , HeVAL , HvENAME , HvENAMELEN , HvENAMEUTF8 , HvNAME ,
HvNAMELEN , HvNAMEUTF8 , hv_assert , hv_clear ,
hv_clear_placeholders , hv_copy_hints_hv , hv_delete ,
hv_delete_ent , hv_exists , hv_exists_ent , hv_fetch , hv_fetchs ,
hv_fetch_ent , hv_fill , hv_iterinit , hv_iterkey , hv_iterkeysv ,
hv_iternext , hv_iternextsv , hv_iternext_flags , hv_iterval ,
hv_magic , hv_scalar , hv_store , hv_stores , hv_store_ent ,
hv_undef , newHV
Hook manipulation
wrap_op_checker
Lexer interface
lex_bufutf8 , lex_discard_to , lex_grow_linestr , lex_next_chunk ,
lex_peek_unichar , lex_read_space , lex_read_to , lex_read_unichar
, lex_start , lex_stuff_pv , lex_stuff_pvn , lex_stuff_pvs ,
lex_stuff_sv , lex_unstuff , parse_arithexpr , parse_barestmt ,
parse_block , parse_fullexpr , parse_fullstmt , parse_label ,
parse_listexpr , parse_stmtseq , parse_termexpr , PL_parser ,
PL_parser->bufend , PL_parser->bufptr , PL_parser->linestart ,
PL_parser->linestr
Locale-related functions and macros
sync_locale
Magical Functions
mg_clear , mg_copy , mg_find , mg_findext , mg_free , mg_free_type
, mg_get , mg_length , mg_magical , mg_set , SvGETMAGIC , SvLOCK ,
SvSETMAGIC , SvSetMagicSV , SvSetMagicSV_nosteal , SvSetSV ,
SvSetSV_nosteal , SvSHARE , SvUNLOCK
Memory Management
Copy , CopyD , Move , MoveD , Newx , Newxc , Newxz , Poison ,
PoisonFree , PoisonNew , PoisonWith , Renew , Renewc , Safefree ,
savepv , savepvn , savepvs , savesharedpv , savesharedpvn ,
savesharedpvs , savesharedsvpv , savesvpv , StructCopy , Zero ,
ZeroD
Miscellaneous Functions
fbm_compile , fbm_instr , foldEQ , foldEQ_locale , form , getcwd_sv
, mess , mess_sv , my_snprintf , my_sprintf , my_strlcat ,
my_strlcpy , my_vsnprintf , READ_XDIGIT , strEQ , strGE , strGT ,
strLE , strLT , strNE , strnEQ , strnNE , sv_destroyable ,
sv_nosharing , vmess
MRO Functions
mro_get_linear_isa , mro_method_changed_in , mro_register
Multicall Functions
dMULTICALL , MULTICALL , POP_MULTICALL , PUSH_MULTICALL
Numeric functions
grok_bin , grok_hex , grok_number , grok_numeric_radix , grok_oct ,
Perl_signbit , scan_bin , scan_hex , scan_oct
Optree construction
newASSIGNOP , newBINOP , newCONDOP , newFOROP , newGIVENOP ,
newGVOP , newLISTOP , newLOGOP , newLOOPEX , newLOOPOP ,
newNULLLIST , newOP , newPADOP , newPMOP , newPVOP , newRANGE ,
newSLICEOP , newSTATEOP , newSVOP , newUNOP , newWHENOP ,
newWHILEOP
Optree Manipulation Functions
ck_entersub_args_list , ck_entersub_args_proto ,
ck_entersub_args_proto_or_list , cv_const_sv , cv_get_call_checker
, cv_set_call_checker , LINKLIST , newCONSTSUB , newCONSTSUB_flags
, newXS , op_append_elem , op_append_list , OP_CLASS , OP_DESC ,
op_linklist , op_lvalue , OP_NAME , op_prepend_elem , op_scope ,
OP_TYPE_IS , OP_TYPE_IS_OR_WAS , rv2cv_op_cv
Pad Data Structures
CvPADLIST , PadARRAY , PadlistARRAY , PadlistMAX , PadlistNAMES ,
PadlistNAMESARRAY , PadlistNAMESMAX , PadlistREFCNT , PadMAX ,
PadnameLEN , PadnamelistARRAY , PadnamelistMAX , PadnamePV ,
PadnameSV , PadnameUTF8 , pad_add_name_pvs , pad_findmy_pvs ,
pad_new , PL_comppad , PL_comppad_name , PL_curpad
Per-Interpreter Variables
PL_modglobal , PL_na , PL_opfreehook , PL_peepp , PL_rpeepp ,
PL_sv_no , PL_sv_undef , PL_sv_yes
REGEXP Functions
SvRX , SvRXOK
Simple Exception Handling Macros
dXCPT , XCPT_CATCH , XCPT_RETHROW , XCPT_TRY_END , XCPT_TRY_START
Stack Manipulation Macros
dMARK , dORIGMARK , dSP , EXTEND , MARK , mPUSHi , mPUSHn , mPUSHp
, mPUSHs , mPUSHu , mXPUSHi , mXPUSHn , mXPUSHp , mXPUSHs , mXPUSHu
, ORIGMARK , POPi , POPl , POPn , POPp , POPpbytex , POPpx , POPs ,
PUSHi , PUSHMARK , PUSHmortal , PUSHn , PUSHp , PUSHs , PUSHu ,
PUTBACK , SP , SPAGAIN , XPUSHi , XPUSHmortal , XPUSHn , XPUSHp ,
XPUSHs , XPUSHu , XSRETURN , XSRETURN_EMPTY , XSRETURN_IV ,
XSRETURN_NO , XSRETURN_NV , XSRETURN_PV , XSRETURN_UNDEF ,
XSRETURN_UV , XSRETURN_YES , XST_mIV , XST_mNO , XST_mNV , XST_mPV
, XST_mUNDEF , XST_mYES
SV Flags
svtype , SVt_INVLIST , SVt_IV , SVt_NULL , SVt_NV , SVt_PV ,
SVt_PVAV , SVt_PVCV , SVt_PVFM , SVt_PVGV , SVt_PVHV , SVt_PVIO ,
SVt_PVIV , SVt_PVLV , SVt_PVMG , SVt_PVNV , SVt_REGEXP
SV Manipulation Functions
boolSV , croak_xs_usage , get_sv , newRV_inc , newSVpadname ,
newSVpvn_utf8 , SvCUR , SvCUR_set , SvEND , SvGAMAGIC , SvGROW ,
SvIOK , SvIOKp , SvIOK_notUV , SvIOK_off , SvIOK_on , SvIOK_only ,
SvIOK_only_UV , SvIOK_UV , SvIsCOW , SvIsCOW_shared_hash , SvIV ,
SvIVX , SvIVx , SvIV_nomg , SvIV_set , SvLEN , SvLEN_set ,
SvMAGIC_set , SvNIOK , SvNIOKp , SvNIOK_off , SvNOK , SvNOKp ,
SvNOK_off , SvNOK_on , SvNOK_only , SvNV , SvNVX , SvNVx ,
SvNV_nomg , SvNV_set , SvOK , SvOOK , SvOOK_offset , SvPOK , SvPOKp
, SvPOK_off , SvPOK_on , SvPOK_only , SvPOK_only_UTF8 , SvPV ,
SvPVbyte , SvPVbytex , SvPVbytex_force , SvPVbyte_force ,
SvPVbyte_nolen , SvPVutf8 , SvPVutf8x , SvPVutf8x_force ,
SvPVutf8_force , SvPVutf8_nolen , SvPVX , SvPVx , SvPV_force ,
SvPV_force_nomg , SvPV_nolen , SvPV_nomg , SvPV_nomg_nolen ,
SvPV_set , SvREFCNT , SvREFCNT_dec , SvREFCNT_dec_NN , SvREFCNT_inc
, SvREFCNT_inc_NN , SvREFCNT_inc_simple , SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN ,
SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void , SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN ,
SvREFCNT_inc_void , SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN , SvROK , SvROK_off ,
SvROK_on , SvRV , SvRV_set , SvSTASH , SvSTASH_set , SvTAINT ,
SvTAINTED , SvTAINTED_off , SvTAINTED_on , SvTRUE , SvTRUE_nomg ,
SvTYPE , SvUOK , SvUPGRADE , SvUTF8 , SvUTF8_off , SvUTF8_on , SvUV
, SvUVX , SvUVx , SvUV_nomg , SvUV_set , SvVOK , sv_catpvn_nomg ,
sv_catpv_nomg , sv_catsv_nomg , sv_derived_from ,
sv_derived_from_pv , sv_derived_from_pvn , sv_derived_from_sv ,
sv_does , sv_does_pv , sv_does_pvn , sv_does_sv , sv_report_used ,
sv_setsv_nomg , sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg
SV-Body Allocation
looks_like_number , newRV_noinc , newSV , newSVhek , newSViv ,
newSVnv , newSVpv , newSVpvf , newSVpvn , newSVpvn_flags ,
newSVpvn_share , newSVpvs , newSVpvs_flags , newSVpvs_share ,
newSVpv_share , newSVrv , newSVsv , newSVuv , newSV_type , sv_2bool
, sv_2bool_flags , sv_2cv , sv_2io , sv_2iv_flags , sv_2mortal ,
sv_2nv_flags , sv_2pvbyte , sv_2pvutf8 , sv_2pv_flags ,
sv_2uv_flags , sv_backoff , sv_bless , sv_catpv , sv_catpvf ,
sv_catpvf_mg , sv_catpvn , sv_catpvn_flags , sv_catpvs ,
sv_catpvs_flags , sv_catpvs_mg , sv_catpvs_nomg , sv_catpv_flags ,
sv_catpv_mg , sv_catsv , sv_catsv_flags , sv_chop , sv_clear ,
sv_cmp , sv_cmp_flags , sv_cmp_locale , sv_cmp_locale_flags ,
sv_collxfrm , sv_collxfrm_flags , sv_copypv_flags , sv_copypv_nomg
, sv_dec , sv_dec_nomg , sv_eq , sv_eq_flags ,
sv_force_normal_flags , sv_free , sv_gets , sv_grow , sv_inc ,
sv_inc_nomg , sv_insert , sv_insert_flags , sv_isa , sv_isobject ,
sv_len , sv_len_utf8 , sv_magic , sv_magicext , sv_mortalcopy ,
sv_newmortal , sv_newref , sv_pos_b2u , sv_pos_b2u_flags ,
sv_pos_u2b , sv_pos_u2b_flags , sv_pvbyten_force , sv_pvn_force ,
sv_pvn_force_flags , sv_pvutf8n_force , sv_reftype , sv_replace ,
sv_reset , sv_rvweaken , sv_setiv , sv_setiv_mg , sv_setnv ,
sv_setnv_mg , sv_setpv , sv_setpvf , sv_setpvf_mg , sv_setpviv ,
sv_setpviv_mg , sv_setpvn , sv_setpvn_mg , sv_setpvs , sv_setpvs_mg
, sv_setpv_mg , sv_setref_iv , sv_setref_nv , sv_setref_pv ,
sv_setref_pvn , sv_setref_pvs , sv_setref_uv , sv_setsv ,
sv_setsv_flags , sv_setsv_mg , sv_setuv , sv_setuv_mg , sv_tainted
, sv_true , sv_unmagic , sv_unmagicext , sv_unref_flags ,
sv_untaint , sv_upgrade , sv_usepvn_flags , sv_utf8_decode ,
sv_utf8_downgrade , sv_utf8_encode , sv_utf8_upgrade ,
sv_utf8_upgrade_flags , sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow ,
sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg , sv_vcatpvf , sv_vcatpvfn , sv_vcatpvfn_flags
, sv_vcatpvf_mg , sv_vsetpvf , sv_vsetpvfn , sv_vsetpvf_mg
Unicode Support
bytes_cmp_utf8 , bytes_from_utf8 , bytes_to_utf8 , foldEQ_utf8 ,
is_ascii_string , is_utf8_char , is_utf8_char_buf , is_utf8_string
, is_utf8_string_loc , is_utf8_string_loclen , pv_uni_display ,
sv_cat_decode , sv_recode_to_utf8 , sv_uni_display , to_utf8_case ,
to_utf8_fold , to_utf8_lower , to_utf8_title , to_utf8_upper ,
utf8n_to_uvchr , utf8n_to_uvuni , utf8_distance , utf8_hop ,
utf8_length , utf8_to_bytes , utf8_to_uvchr , utf8_to_uvchr_buf ,
utf8_to_uvuni , utf8_to_uvuni_buf , uvchr_to_utf8 ,
uvchr_to_utf8_flags , uvoffuni_to_utf8_flags , uvuni_to_utf8_flags
Variables created by "xsubpp" and "xsubpp" internal functions
ax , CLASS , dAX , dAXMARK , dITEMS , dUNDERBAR , dXSARGS , dXSI32
, items , ix , newXSproto , RETVAL , ST , THIS , UNDERBAR , XS ,
XS_APIVERSION_BOOTCHECK , XS_EXTERNAL , XS_INTERNAL , XS_VERSION ,
XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
Warning and Dieing
croak , croak_no_modify , croak_sv , die , die_sv , vcroak , vwarn
, warn , warn_sv
Undocumented functions
GetVars , Gv_AMupdate , PerlIO_clearerr , PerlIO_close ,
PerlIO_context_layers , PerlIO_eof , PerlIO_error , PerlIO_fileno ,
PerlIO_fill , PerlIO_flush , PerlIO_get_base , PerlIO_get_bufsiz ,
PerlIO_get_cnt , PerlIO_get_ptr , PerlIO_read , PerlIO_seek ,
PerlIO_set_cnt , PerlIO_set_ptrcnt , PerlIO_setlinebuf ,
PerlIO_stderr , PerlIO_stdin , PerlIO_stdout , PerlIO_tell ,
PerlIO_unread , PerlIO_write , amagic_call , amagic_deref_call ,
any_dup , atfork_lock , atfork_unlock , av_arylen_p , av_iter_p ,
block_gimme , call_atexit , call_list , calloc , cast_i32 , cast_iv
, cast_ulong , cast_uv , ck_warner , ck_warner_d , ckwarn ,
ckwarn_d , clone_params_del , clone_params_new , croak_memory_wrap
, croak_nocontext , csighandler , cx_dump , cx_dup , cxinc , deb ,
deb_nocontext , debop , debprofdump , debstack , debstackptrs ,
delimcpy , despatch_signals , die_nocontext , dirp_dup , do_aspawn
, do_binmode , do_close , do_gv_dump , do_gvgv_dump , do_hv_dump ,
do_join , do_magic_dump , do_op_dump , do_open , do_open9 ,
do_openn , do_pmop_dump , do_spawn , do_spawn_nowait , do_sprintf ,
do_sv_dump , doing_taint , doref , dounwind , dowantarray ,
dump_eval , dump_form , dump_indent , dump_mstats , dump_sub ,
dump_vindent , filter_add , filter_del , filter_read ,
foldEQ_latin1 , form_nocontext , fp_dup , fprintf_nocontext ,
free_global_struct , free_tmps , get_context , get_mstats ,
get_op_descs , get_op_names , get_ppaddr , get_vtbl , gp_dup ,
gp_free , gp_ref , gv_AVadd , gv_HVadd , gv_IOadd , gv_SVadd ,
gv_add_by_type , gv_autoload4 , gv_autoload_pv , gv_autoload_pvn ,
gv_autoload_sv , gv_check , gv_dump , gv_efullname , gv_efullname3
, gv_efullname4 , gv_fetchfile , gv_fetchfile_flags , gv_fetchpv ,
gv_fetchpvn_flags , gv_fetchsv , gv_fullname , gv_fullname3 ,
gv_fullname4 , gv_handler , gv_name_set , he_dup , hek_dup ,
hv_common , hv_common_key_len , hv_delayfree_ent , hv_eiter_p ,
hv_eiter_set , hv_free_ent , hv_ksplit , hv_name_set ,
hv_placeholders_get , hv_placeholders_set , hv_rand_set ,
hv_riter_p , hv_riter_set , init_global_struct , init_stacks ,
init_tm , instr , is_lvalue_sub , leave_scope ,
load_module_nocontext , magic_dump , malloc , markstack_grow ,
mess_nocontext , mfree , mg_dup , mg_size , mini_mktime ,
moreswitches , mro_get_from_name , mro_get_private_data ,
mro_set_mro , mro_set_private_data , my_atof , my_atof2 , my_bcopy
, my_bzero , my_chsize , my_cxt_index , my_cxt_init , my_dirfd ,
my_exit , my_failure_exit , my_fflush_all , my_fork , my_lstat ,
my_memcmp , my_memset , my_pclose , my_popen , my_popen_list ,
my_setenv , my_socketpair , my_stat , my_strftime , newANONATTRSUB
, newANONHASH , newANONLIST , newANONSUB , newATTRSUB , newAVREF ,
newCVREF , newFORM , newGVREF , newGVgen , newGVgen_flags ,
newHVREF , newHVhv , newIO , newMYSUB , newPROG , newRV , newSUB ,
newSVREF , newSVpvf_nocontext , new_stackinfo , ninstr ,
op_refcnt_lock , op_refcnt_unlock , parser_dup , perl_alloc_using ,
perl_clone_using , pmop_dump , pop_scope , pregcomp , pregexec ,
pregfree , pregfree2 , printf_nocontext , ptr_table_fetch ,
ptr_table_free , ptr_table_new , ptr_table_split , ptr_table_store
, push_scope , re_compile , re_dup_guts , re_intuit_start ,
re_intuit_string , realloc , reentrant_free , reentrant_init ,
reentrant_retry , reentrant_size , ref , reg_named_buff_all ,
reg_named_buff_exists , reg_named_buff_fetch ,
reg_named_buff_firstkey , reg_named_buff_nextkey ,
reg_named_buff_scalar , regclass_swash , regdump , regdupe_internal
, regexec_flags , regfree_internal , reginitcolors , regnext ,
repeatcpy , rninstr , rsignal , rsignal_state , runops_debug ,
runops_standard , rvpv_dup , safesyscalloc , safesysfree ,
safesysmalloc , safesysrealloc , save_I16 , save_I32 , save_I8 ,
save_adelete , save_aelem , save_aelem_flags , save_alloc ,
save_aptr , save_ary , save_bool , save_clearsv , save_delete ,
save_destructor , save_destructor_x , save_freeop , save_freepv ,
save_freesv , save_generic_pvref , save_generic_svref , save_gp ,
save_hash , save_hdelete , save_helem , save_helem_flags ,
save_hints , save_hptr , save_int , save_item , save_iv , save_list
, save_long , save_mortalizesv , save_nogv , save_op ,
save_padsv_and_mortalize , save_pptr , save_pushi32ptr ,
save_pushptr , save_pushptrptr , save_re_context , save_scalar ,
save_set_svflags , save_shared_pvref , save_sptr , save_svref ,
save_vptr , savestack_grow , savestack_grow_cnt , scan_num ,
scan_vstring , screaminstr , seed , set_context , set_numeric_local
, set_numeric_radix , set_numeric_standard , share_hek , si_dup ,
ss_dup , stack_grow , start_subparse , str_to_version , sv_2iv ,
sv_2pv , sv_2uv , sv_catpvf_mg_nocontext , sv_catpvf_nocontext ,
sv_dup , sv_dup_inc , sv_peek , sv_pvn_nomg ,
sv_setpvf_mg_nocontext , sv_setpvf_nocontext , swash_fetch ,
swash_init , sys_init , sys_init3 , sys_intern_clear ,
sys_intern_dup , sys_intern_init , sys_term , taint_env ,
taint_proper , tmps_grow , unlnk , unsharepvn , utf16_to_utf8 ,
utf16_to_utf8_reversed , uvuni_to_utf8 , vdeb , vform ,
vload_module , vnewSVpvf , vwarner , warn_nocontext , warner ,
warner_nocontext , whichsig , whichsig_pv , whichsig_pvn ,
whichsig_sv
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal Perl functions
DESCRIPTION
Compile-time scope hooks
BhkENTRY , BhkFLAGS , CALL_BLOCK_HOOKS
CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
CvWEAKOUTSIDE
Embedding Functions
cv_dump , cv_forget_slab , do_dump_pad , intro_my , padlist_dup ,
pad_alloc_name , pad_block_start , pad_check_dup , pad_findlex ,
pad_fixup_inner_anons , pad_free , pad_leavemy , pad_push ,
pad_reset , pad_swipe
Functions in file op.c
core_prototype
Functions in file pp_ctl.c
docatch
GV Functions
gv_try_downgrade
Hash Manipulation Functions
hv_ename_add , hv_ename_delete , refcounted_he_chain_2hv ,
refcounted_he_fetch_pv , refcounted_he_fetch_pvn ,
refcounted_he_fetch_pvs , refcounted_he_fetch_sv ,
refcounted_he_free , refcounted_he_inc , refcounted_he_new_pv ,
refcounted_he_new_pvn , refcounted_he_new_pvs ,
refcounted_he_new_sv
IO Functions
start_glob
Lexer interface
validate_proto
Magical Functions
magic_clearhint , magic_clearhints , magic_methcall , magic_sethint
, mg_localize
MRO Functions
mro_get_linear_isa_dfs , mro_isa_changed_in , mro_package_moved
Optree Manipulation Functions
finalize_optree
Pad Data Structures
CX_CURPAD_SAVE , CX_CURPAD_SV , PadnameIsOUR , PadnameIsSTATE ,
PadnameOURSTASH , PadnameOUTER , PadnameTYPE , PAD_BASE_SV ,
PAD_CLONE_VARS , PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS , PAD_COMPNAME_GEN ,
PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set , PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH , PAD_COMPNAME_PV ,
PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE , pad_peg , PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL , PAD_SAVE_LOCAL ,
PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD , PAD_SETSV , PAD_SET_CUR , PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE
, PAD_SV , PAD_SVl , SAVECLEARSV , SAVECOMPPAD , SAVEPADSV
Per-Interpreter Variables
PL_DBsingle , PL_DBsub , PL_DBtrace , PL_dowarn , PL_last_in_gv ,
PL_ofsgv , PL_rs
Stack Manipulation Macros
djSP , LVRET
SV Manipulation Functions
SvTHINKFIRST , sv_add_arena , sv_clean_all , sv_clean_objs ,
sv_free_arenas
SV-Body Allocation
sv_2num , sv_copypv , sv_ref
Unicode Support
find_uninit_var , report_uninit
Undocumented functions
Slab_Alloc , Slab_Free , Slab_to_ro , Slab_to_rw ,
_add_range_to_invlist , _core_swash_init , _get_swash_invlist ,
_invlist_array_init , _invlist_contains_cp , _invlist_contents ,
_invlist_dump , _invlist_intersection ,
_invlist_intersection_maybe_complement_2nd , _invlist_invert ,
_invlist_len , _invlist_populate_swatch , _invlist_search ,
_invlist_subtract , _invlist_union ,
_invlist_union_maybe_complement_2nd , _new_invlist ,
_setup_canned_invlist , _swash_inversion_hash , _swash_to_invlist ,
_to_fold_latin1 , _to_upper_title_latin1 , aassign_common_vars ,
add_cp_to_invlist , addmad , alloc_maybe_populate_EXACT , allocmy ,
amagic_is_enabled , append_madprops , apply , av_extend_guts ,
av_reify , bind_match , block_end , block_start , boot_core_PerlIO
, boot_core_UNIVERSAL , boot_core_mro , cando , check_utf8_print ,
ck_anoncode , ck_backtick , ck_bitop , ck_cmp , ck_concat ,
ck_defined , ck_delete , ck_each , ck_entersub_args_core , ck_eof ,
ck_eval , ck_exec , ck_exists , ck_ftst , ck_fun , ck_glob ,
ck_grep , ck_index , ck_join , ck_length , ck_lfun , ck_listiob ,
ck_match , ck_method , ck_null , ck_open , ck_readline , ck_repeat
, ck_require , ck_return , ck_rfun , ck_rvconst , ck_sassign ,
ck_select , ck_shift , ck_smartmatch , ck_sort , ck_spair ,
ck_split , ck_subr , ck_substr , ck_svconst , ck_tell , ck_trunc ,
closest_cop , compute_EXACTish , convert , coresub_op ,
create_eval_scope , croak_no_mem , croak_popstack ,
current_re_engine , custom_op_get_field , cv_ckproto_len_flags ,
cv_clone_into , cv_const_sv_or_av , cvgv_set , cvstash_set ,
deb_stack_all , defelem_target , delete_eval_scope , die_unwind ,
do_aexec , do_aexec5 , do_eof , do_exec , do_exec3 , do_execfree ,
do_ipcctl , do_ipcget , do_msgrcv , do_msgsnd , do_ncmp ,
do_op_xmldump , do_open6 , do_open_raw , do_pmop_xmldump , do_print
, do_readline , do_seek , do_semop , do_shmio , do_sysseek ,
do_tell , do_trans , do_vecget , do_vecset , do_vop , dofile ,
drand48_init_r , drand48_r , dump_all_perl , dump_packsubs_perl ,
dump_sub_perl , dump_sv_child , emulate_cop_io , feature_is_enabled
, find_lexical_cv , find_runcv_where , find_rundefsv2 , find_script
, free_tied_hv_pool , get_and_check_backslash_N_name , get_db_sub ,
get_debug_opts , get_hash_seed , get_invlist_iter_addr ,
get_invlist_offset_addr , get_invlist_previous_index_addr ,
get_no_modify , get_opargs , get_re_arg , getenv_len ,
grok_bslash_x , gv_override , hfree_next_entry ,
hv_backreferences_p , hv_kill_backrefs , hv_placeholders_p ,
hv_undef_flags , init_argv_symbols , init_constants , init_dbargs ,
init_debugger , invert , invlist_array , invlist_clone ,
invlist_highest , invlist_is_iterating , invlist_iterfinish ,
invlist_iterinit , invlist_max , invlist_previous_index ,
invlist_set_len , invlist_set_previous_index , invlist_trim ,
io_close , isALNUM_lazy , isIDFIRST_lazy , is_utf8_char_slow ,
is_utf8_common , jmaybe , keyword , keyword_plugin_standard , list
, localize , mad_free , madlex , madparse , magic_clear_all_env ,
magic_cleararylen_p , magic_clearenv , magic_clearisa ,
magic_clearpack , magic_clearsig , magic_copycallchecker ,
magic_existspack , magic_freearylen_p , magic_freeovrld , magic_get
, magic_getarylen , magic_getdefelem , magic_getnkeys ,
magic_getpack , magic_getpos , magic_getsig , magic_getsubstr ,
magic_gettaint , magic_getuvar , magic_getvec , magic_killbackrefs
, magic_nextpack , magic_regdata_cnt , magic_regdatum_get ,
magic_regdatum_set , magic_scalarpack , magic_set ,
magic_set_all_env , magic_setarylen , magic_setcollxfrm ,
magic_setdbline , magic_setdefelem , magic_setenv , magic_setisa ,
magic_setmglob , magic_setnkeys , magic_setpack , magic_setpos ,
magic_setregexp , magic_setsig , magic_setsubstr , magic_settaint ,
magic_setutf8 , magic_setuvar , magic_setvec , magic_sizepack ,
magic_wipepack , malloc_good_size , malloced_size , mem_collxfrm ,
mg_find_mglob , mode_from_discipline , more_bodies , mro_meta_dup ,
mro_meta_init , my_attrs , my_clearenv , my_lstat_flags ,
my_stat_flags , my_unexec , newATTRSUB_x , newGP , newMADPROP ,
newMADsv , newSTUB , newSVavdefelem , newTOKEN , newXS_len_flags ,
new_warnings_bitfield , nextargv , oopsAV , oopsHV , op_clear ,
op_const_sv , op_getmad , op_getmad_weak , op_integerize ,
op_lvalue_flags , op_refcnt_dec , op_refcnt_inc , op_std_init ,
op_unscope , op_xmldump , opslab_force_free , opslab_free ,
opslab_free_nopad , package , package_version , padlist_store ,
parse_subsignature , parse_unicode_opts , parser_free ,
parser_free_nexttoke_ops , path_is_searchable , peep , pmop_xmldump
, pmruntime , populate_isa , prepend_madprops , ptr_hash , qerror ,
re_op_compile , reg_named_buff , reg_named_buff_iter ,
reg_numbered_buff_fetch , reg_numbered_buff_length ,
reg_numbered_buff_store , reg_qr_package , reg_temp_copy , regcurly
, regpposixcc , regprop , reguni , report_evil_fh ,
report_redefined_cv , report_wrongway_fh , rpeep , rsignal_restore
, rsignal_save , rxres_save , same_dirent , save_strlen , sawparens
, scalar , scalarvoid , set_caret_X , sighandler , softref2xv ,
ssc_add_range , ssc_clear_locale , ssc_cp_and , ssc_intersection ,
ssc_union , sub_crush_depth , sv_add_backref , sv_buf_to_ro ,
sv_catxmlpv , sv_catxmlpvn , sv_catxmlsv , sv_del_backref ,
sv_free2 , sv_kill_backrefs , sv_len_utf8_nomg , sv_magicext_mglob
, sv_mortalcopy_flags , sv_or_pv_pos_u2b , sv_resetpvn , sv_sethek
, sv_setsv_cow , sv_unglob , sv_xmlpeek , tied_method , token_free
, token_getmad , translate_substr_offsets , try_amagic_bin ,
try_amagic_un , unshare_hek , utilize , varname , vivify_defelem ,
vivify_ref , wait4pid , was_lvalue_sub , watch ,
win32_croak_not_implemented , write_to_stderr , xmldump_all ,
xmldump_all_perl , xmldump_eval , xmldump_form , xmldump_indent ,
xmldump_packsubs , xmldump_packsubs_perl , xmldump_sub ,
xmldump_sub_perl , xmldump_vindent , xs_apiversion_bootcheck ,
xs_version_bootcheck , yyerror , yyerror_pv , yyerror_pvn , yylex ,
yyparse , yyunlex
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
History and Background
Basic Structure
Layers vs Disciplines
Data Structures
Functions and Attributes
Per-instance Data
Layers in action.
Per-instance flag bits
PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD,
PERLIO_F_ERROR, PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND,
PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF,
PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN,
PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
Methods in Detail
fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW,
PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed,
Popped, Open, Binmode, Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek,
Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf,
Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt
Utilities
Implementing PerlIO Layers
C implementations, Perl implementations
Core Layers
"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw",
"utf8"
Extension Layers
":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
TODO
perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_PERLIO, PPeerrllIIOO__ssttddiinn(()), PPeerrllIIOO__ssttddoouutt(()),
PPeerrllIIOO__ssttddeerrrr(()), PerlIO_open(path, mode), PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode),
PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f), PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...),
PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a), PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...),
PerlIO_read(f,buf,count), PerlIO_write(f,buf,count),
PerlIO_close(f), PerlIO_puts(f,s), PerlIO_putc(f,c),
PerlIO_ungetc(f,c), PerlIO_getc(f), PerlIO_eof(f), PerlIO_error(f),
PerlIO_fileno(f), PerlIO_clearerr(f), PerlIO_flush(f),
PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence), PerlIO_tell(f), PerlIO_getpos(f,p),
PerlIO_setpos(f,p), PerlIO_rewind(f), PPeerrllIIOO__ttmmppffiillee(()),
PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)
Co-existence with stdio
PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode),
PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f), PerlIO_findFILE(f)
"Fast gets" Functions
PerlIO_fast_gets(f), PerlIO_has_cntptr(f), PerlIO_get_cnt(f),
PerlIO_get_ptr(f), PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c),
PerlIO_canset_cnt(f), PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c), PerlIO_has_base(f),
PerlIO_get_base(f), PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)
Other Functions
PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers),
PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), '<' read, '>' write, '+'
read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
perlhack - How to hack on Perl
DESCRIPTION
SUPER QUICK PATCH GUIDE
Check out the source repository, Ensure you're following the latest
advice, Make your change, Test your change, Commit your change,
Send your change to perlbug, Thank you, Next time
BUG REPORTING
PERL 5 PORTERS
perl-changes mailing list
#p5p on IRC
GETTING THE PERL SOURCE
Read access via Git
Read access via the web
Read access via rsync
Write access via git
PATCHING PERL
Submitting patches
Getting your patch accepted
Why, What, How
Patching a core module
Updating perldelta
What makes for a good patch?
TESTING
t/base, t/comp and t/opbasic, t/cmd, t/run, t/io and t/op,
Everything else
Special "make test" targets
test_porting, minitest, test.valgrind check.valgrind,
test_harness, test-notty test_notty
Parallel tests
Running tests by hand
Using t/harness for testing
-v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1,
PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST,
PERL_TEST_Net_Ping, PERL_TEST_NOVREXX, PERL_TEST_NUMCONVERTS,
PERL_TEST_MEMORY
MORE READING FOR GUTS HACKERS
perlsource, perlinterp, perlhacktut, perlhacktips, perlguts,
perlxstut and perlxs, perlapi, Porting/pumpkin.pod
CPAN TESTERS AND PERL SMOKERS
WHAT NEXT?
"The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began."
Metaphoric Quotations
AUTHOR
perlsource - A guide to the Perl source tree
DESCRIPTION
FINDING YOUR WAY AROUND
C code
Core modules
lib/, ext/, dist/, cpan/
Tests
Module tests, t/base/, t/cmd/, t/comp/, t/io/, t/mro/, t/op/,
t/opbasic/, t/re/, t/run/, t/uni/, t/win32/, t/porting/,
t/lib/, t/x2p
Documentation
Hacking tools and documentation
check*, Maintainers, Maintainers.pl, and Maintainers.pm,
podtidy
Build system
AUTHORS
MANIFEST
perlinterp - An overview of the Perl interpreter
DESCRIPTION
ELEMENTS OF THE INTERPRETER
Startup
Parsing
Optimization
Running
Exception handing
INTERNAL VARIABLE TYPES
OP TREES
STACKS
Argument stack
Mark stack
Save stack
MILLIONS OF MACROS
FURTHER READING
perlhacktut - Walk through the creation of a simple C code patch
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE PATCH
Writing the patch
Testing the patch
Documenting the patch
Submit
AUTHOR
perlhacktips - Tips for Perl core C code hacking
DESCRIPTION
COMMON PROBLEMS
Perl environment problems
Portability problems
Problematic System Interfaces
Security problems
DEBUGGING
Poking at Perl
Using a source-level debugger
run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step,
next, continue, finish, 'enter', ptype, print
gdb macro support
Dumping Perl Data Structures
Using gdb to look at specific parts of a program
Using gdb to look at what the parser/lexer are doing
SOURCE CODE STATIC ANALYSIS
lint, splint
Coverity
cpd (cut-and-paste detector)
gcc warnings
Warnings of other C compilers
MEMORY DEBUGGERS
valgrind
AddressSanitizer
-Dcc=clang, -Accflags=-faddress-sanitizer,
-Aldflags=-faddress-sanitizer, -Alddlflags=-shared\
-faddress-sanitizer
PROFILING
Gprof Profiling
-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
GCC gcov Profiling
MISCELLANEOUS TRICKS
PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
PERL_MEM_LOG
DDD over gdb
Poison
Read-only optrees
When is a bool not a bool?
The .i Targets
AUTHOR
perlpolicy - Various and sundry policies and commitments related to the
Perl core
DESCRIPTION
GOVERNANCE
Perl 5 Porters
MAINTENANCE AND SUPPORT
BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY AND DEPRECATION
Terminology
experimental, deprecated, discouraged, removed
MAINTENANCE BRANCHES
Getting changes into a maint branch
CONTRIBUTED MODULES
A Social Contract about Artistic Control
DOCUMENTATION
STANDARDS OF CONDUCT
CREDITS
perlgit - Detailed information about git and the Perl repository
DESCRIPTION
CLONING THE REPOSITORY
WORKING WITH THE REPOSITORY
Finding out your status
Patch workflow
Committing your changes
Sending patch emails
A note on derived files
Cleaning a working directory
Bisecting
Topic branches and rewriting history
Grafts
WRITE ACCESS TO THE GIT REPOSITORY
Accepting a patch
Committing to blead
On merging and rebasing
Committing to maintenance versions
Merging from a branch via GitHub
Using a smoke-me branch to test changes
A note on camel and dromedary
perlbook - Books about and related to Perl
DESCRIPTION
The most popular books
Programming Perl (the "Camel Book"):, The Perl Cookbook (the
"Ram Book"):, Learning Perl (the "Llama Book"), Intermediate
Perl (the "Alpaca Book")
References
Perl 5 Pocket Reference, Perl Debugger Pocket Reference,
Regular Expression Pocket Reference
Tutorials
Beginning Perl, Learning Perl, Intermediate Perl (the "Alpaca
Book"), Mastering Perl, Effective Perl Programming
Task-Oriented
Writing Perl Modules for CPAN, The Perl Cookbook, Automating
System Administration with Perl, Real World SQL Server
Administration with Perl
Special Topics
Regular Expressions Cookbook, Programming the Perl DBI, Perl
Best Practices, Higher-Order Perl, Mastering Regular
Expressions, Network Programming with Perl, Perl Template
Toolkit, Object Oriented Perl, Data Munging with Perl,
Mastering Perl/Tk, Extending and Embedding Perl, Pro Perl
Debugging
Free (as in beer) books
Other interesting, non-Perl books
Programming Pearls, More Programming Pearls
A note on freshness
Get your book listed
perlcommunity - a brief overview of the Perl community
DESCRIPTION
Where to Find the Community
Mailing Lists and Newsgroups
IRC
Websites
<http://perl.com/>, <http://blogs.perl.org/>,
<http://use.perl.org/>, <http://www.perlmonks.org/>,
<http://stackoverflow.com/>
User Groups
Workshops
Hackathons
Conventions
Calendar of Perl Events
AUTHOR
perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
-h, -D, -t, -u, -m module, -l, -F, -f perlfunc, -q perlfaq-search-
regexp, -a perlapifunc, -v perlvar, -T, -d destination-filename, -o
output-formatname, -M module-name, -w option:value or -w option,
-X, -L language_code, PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName|URL, -n some-
formatter, -r, -i, -V
SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT
CHANGES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perlhist - the Perl history records
DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
PUMPKIN?
THE RECORDS
SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
SELECTED PATCH SIZES
THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
perldelta - what is new for perl v5.20.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Testing
Platform Support
Regained Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Errata From Previous Releases
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5202delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.20.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Testing
Platform Support
Regained Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Errata From Previous Releases
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5201delta - what is new for perl v5.20.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Android, OpenBSD, Solaris, VMS, Windows
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5200delta - what is new for perl v5.20.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Experimental Subroutine signatures
"sub"s now take a "prototype" attribute
More consistent prototype parsing
"rand" now uses a consistent random number generator
New slice syntax
Experimental Postfix Dereferencing
Unicode 6.3 now supported
New "\p{Unicode}" regular expression pattern property
Better 64-bit support
"use locale" now works on UTF-8 locales
"use locale" now compiles on systems without locale ability
More locale initialization fallback options
"-DL" runtime option now added for tracing locale setting
-F now implies -a and -a implies -n
$a and $b warnings exemption
Security
Avoid possible read of free()d memory during parsing
Incompatible Changes
"do" can no longer be used to call subroutines
Quote-like escape changes
Tainting happens under more circumstances; now conforms to
documentation
"\p{}", "\P{}" matching has changed for non-Unicode code points.
"\p{All}" has been expanded to match all possible code points
Data::Dumper's output may change
Locale decimal point character no longer leaks outside of
"use locale" scope
Assignments of Windows sockets error codes to $! now prefer errno.h
values over WSAGetLastError() values
Functions "PerlIO_vsprintf" and "PerlIO_sprintf" have been removed
Deprecations
The "/\C/" character class
Literal control characters in variable names
References to non-integers and non-positive integers in $/
Character matching routines in POSIX
Interpreter-based threads are now discouraged
Module removals
CGI and its associated CGI:: packages, inc::latest,
Package::Constants, Module::Build and its associated
Module::Build:: packages
Utility removals
find2perl, s2p, a2p
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
New Platforms
Android, Bitrig, FreeMiNT, Synology
Discontinued Platforms
"sfio", AT&T 3b1, DG/UX, EBCDIC
Platform-Specific Notes
Cygwin, GNU/Hurd, Linux, Mac OS, MidnightBSD, Mixed-endian
platforms, VMS, Win32, WinCE
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Regular Expressions
Perl 5 Debugger and -d
Lexical Subroutines
Everything Else
Known Problems
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5184delta - what is new for perl v5.18.4
DESCRIPTION
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Win32
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5182delta - what is new for perl v5.18.2
DESCRIPTION
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5181delta - what is new for perl v5.18.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
AIX, MidnightBSD
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5180delta - what is new for perl v5.18.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
New mechanism for experimental features
Hash overhaul
Upgrade to Unicode 6.2
Character name aliases may now include non-Latin1-range characters
New DTrace probes
"${^LAST_FH}"
Regular Expression Set Operations
Lexical subroutines
Computed Labels
More CORE:: subs
"kill" with negative signal names
Security
See also: hash overhaul
"Storable" security warning in documentation
"Locale::Maketext" allowed code injection via a malicious template
Avoid calling memset with a negative count
Incompatible Changes
See also: hash overhaul
An unknown character name in "\N{...}" is now a syntax error
Formerly deprecated characters in "\N{}" character name aliases are
now errors.
"\N{BELL}" now refers to U+1F514 instead of U+0007
New Restrictions in Multi-Character Case-Insensitive Matching in
Regular Expression Bracketed Character Classes
Explicit rules for variable names and identifiers
Vertical tabs are now whitespace
"/(?{})/" and "/(??{})/" have been heavily reworked
Stricter parsing of substitution replacement
"given" now aliases the global $_
The smartmatch family of features are now experimental
Lexical $_ is now experimental
readline() with "$/ = \N" now reads N characters, not N bytes
Overridden "glob" is now passed one argument
Here doc parsing
Alphanumeric operators must now be separated from the closing
delimiter of regular expressions
qw(...) can no longer be used as parentheses
Interaction of lexical and default warnings
"state sub" and "our sub"
Defined values stored in environment are forced to byte strings
"require" dies for unreadable files
"gv_fetchmeth_*" and SUPER
"split"'s first argument is more consistently interpreted
Deprecations
Module removals
encoding, Archive::Extract, B::Lint, B::Lint::Debug, CPANPLUS
and all included "CPANPLUS::*" modules, Devel::InnerPackage,
Log::Message, Log::Message::Config, Log::Message::Handlers,
Log::Message::Item, Log::Message::Simple, Module::Pluggable,
Module::Pluggable::Object, Object::Accessor, Pod::LaTeX,
Term::UI, Term::UI::History
Deprecated Utilities
cpanp, "cpanp-run-perl", cpan2dist, pod2latex
PL_sv_objcount
Five additional characters should be escaped in patterns with "/x"
User-defined charnames with surprising whitespace
Various XS-callable functions are now deprecated
Certain rare uses of backslashes within regexes are now deprecated
Splitting the tokens "(?" and "(*" in regular expressions
Pre-PerlIO IO implementations
Future Deprecations
DG/UX, NeXT
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Discontinued Platforms
BeOS, UTS Global, VM/ESA, MPE/IX, EPOC, Rhapsody
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5163delta - what is new for perl v5.16.3
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
CVE-2013-1667: memory exhaustion with arbitrary hash keys
wrap-around with IO on long strings
memory leak in Encode
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5162delta - what is new for perl v5.16.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Configuration and Compilation
configuration should no longer be confused by ls colorization
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
AIX
Selected Bug Fixes
fix /\h/ equivalence with /[\h]/
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5161delta - what is new for perl v5.16.1
DESCRIPTION
Security
an off-by-two error in Scalar-List-Util has been fixed
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
VMS
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5160delta - what is new for perl v5.16.0
DESCRIPTION
Notice
Core Enhancements
"use VERSION"
"__SUB__"
New and Improved Built-ins
Unicode Support
XS Changes
Changes to Special Variables
Debugger Changes
The "CORE" Namespace
Other Changes
Security
Use "is_utf8_char_buf()" and not "is_utf8_char()"
Malformed UTF-8 input could cause attempts to read beyond the end
of the buffer
"File::Glob::bsd_glob()" memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC
(CVE-2011-2728).
Privileges are now set correctly when assigning to $(
Deprecations
Don't read the Unicode data base files in lib/unicore
XS functions "is_utf8_char()", "utf8_to_uvchr()" and
"utf8_to_uvuni()"
Future Deprecations
Core Modules
Platforms with no supporting programmers
Other Future Deprecations
Incompatible Changes
Special blocks called in void context
The "overloading" pragma and regexp objects
Two XS typemap Entries removed
Unicode 6.1 has incompatibilities with Unicode 6.0
Borland compiler
Certain deprecated Unicode properties are no longer supported by
default
Dereferencing IO thingies as typeglobs
User-defined case-changing operations
XSUBs are now 'static'
Weakening read-only references
Tying scalars that hold typeglobs
IPC::Open3 no longer provides "xfork()", "xclose_on_exec()" and
"xpipe_anon()"
$$ no longer caches PID
$$ and "getppid()" no longer emulate POSIX semantics under
LinuxThreads
$<, $>, $( and $) are no longer cached
Which Non-ASCII characters get quoted by "quotemeta" and "\Q" has
changed
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Deprecated Modules
Version::Requirements
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Removed Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Removed Errors
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Array and hash
C API fixes
Compile-time hints
Copy-on-write scalars
The debugger
Dereferencing operators
Filehandle, last-accessed
Filetests and "stat"
Formats
"given" and "when"
The "glob" operator
Lvalue subroutines
Overloading
Prototypes of built-in keywords
Regular expressions
Smartmatching
The "sort" operator
The "substr" operator
Support for embedded nulls
Threading bugs
Tied variables
Version objects and vstrings
Warnings, redefinition
Warnings, "Uninitialized"
Weak references
Other notable fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5144delta - what is new for perl v5.14.4
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
CVE-2013-1667: memory exhaustion with arbitrary hash keys
memory leak in Encode
[perl #111594] Socket::unpack_sockaddr_un heap-buffer-overflow
[perl #111586] SDBM_File: fix off-by-one access to global ".dir"
off-by-two error in List::Util
[perl #115994] fix segv in regcomp.c:S_join_exact()
[perl #115992] PL_eval_start use-after-free
wrap-around with IO on long strings
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Socket, SDBM_File, List::Util
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
VMS
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5143delta - what is new for perl v5.14.3
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
"Digest" unsafe use of eval (CVE-2011-3597)
Heap buffer overrun in 'x' string repeat operator (CVE-2012-5195)
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
FreeBSD, Solaris and NetBSD, HP-UX, Linux, Mac OS X, GNU/Hurd,
NetBSD
Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5142delta - what is new for perl v5.14.2
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
"File::Glob::bsd_glob()" memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC
(CVE-2011-2728).
"Encode" decode_xs n-byte heap-overflow (CVE-2011-2939)
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
HP-UX PA-RISC/64 now supports gcc-4.x, Building on OS X 10.7
Lion and Xcode 4 works again
Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5141delta - what is new for perl v5.14.1
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5140delta - what is new for perl v5.14.0
DESCRIPTION
Notice
Core Enhancements
Unicode
Regular Expressions
Syntactical Enhancements
Exception Handling
Other Enhancements
"-d:-foo", "-d:-foo=bar"
New C APIs
Security
User-defined regular expression properties
Incompatible Changes
Regular Expressions and String Escapes
Stashes and Package Variables
Changes to Syntax or to Perl Operators
Threads and Processes
Configuration
Deprecations
Omitting a space between a regular expression and subsequent word
"\cX"
"\b{" and "\B{"
Perl 4-era .pl libraries
List assignment to $[
Use of qw(...) as parentheses
"\N{BELL}"
"?PATTERN?"
Tie functions on scalars holding typeglobs
User-defined case-mapping
Deprecated modules
Devel::DProf
Performance Enhancements
"Safe signals" optimisation
Optimisation of shift() and pop() calls without arguments
Optimisation of regexp engine string comparison work
Regular expression compilation speed-up
String appending is 100 times faster
Eliminate "PL_*" accessor functions under ithreads
Freeing weak references
Lexical array and hash assignments
@_ uses less memory
Size optimisations to SV and HV structures
Memory consumption improvements to Exporter
Memory savings for weak references
"%+" and "%-" use less memory
Multiple small improvements to threads
Adjacent pairs of nextstate opcodes are now optimized away
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragma
much less configuration dialog hassle, support for
META/MYMETA.json, support for local::lib, support for
HTTP::Tiny to reduce the dependency on FTP sites, automatic
mirror selection, iron out all known bugs in
configure_requires, support for distributions compressed with
bzip2(1), allow Foo/Bar.pm on the command line to mean
"Foo::Bar", charinfo(), charscript(), charblock()
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Closure prototype called, Insecure user-defined property %s,
panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - something is
repeatedly re-creating entries, Parsing code internal error
(%s), refcnt: fd %d%s, Regexp modifier "/%c" may not appear
twice, Regexp modifiers "/%c" and "/%c" are mutually exclusive,
Using !~ with %s doesn't make sense, "\b{" is deprecated; use
"\b\{" instead, "\B{" is deprecated; use "\B\{" instead,
Operation "%s" returns its argument for .., Use of qw(...) as
parentheses is deprecated
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
New Platforms
AIX
Discontinued Platforms
Apollo DomainOS, MacOS Classic
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
New APIs
C API Changes
Deprecated C APIs
"Perl_ptr_table_clear", "sv_compile_2op",
"find_rundefsvoffset", "CALL_FPTR" and "CPERLscope"
Other Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
I/O
Regular Expression Bug Fixes
Syntax/Parsing Bugs
Stashes, Globs and Method Lookup
Aliasing packages by assigning to globs [perl #77358], Deleting
packages by deleting their containing stash elements,
Undefining the glob containing a package ("undef *Foo::"),
Undefining an ISA glob ("undef *Foo::ISA"), Deleting an ISA
stash element ("delete $Foo::{ISA}"), Sharing @ISA arrays
between classes (via "*Foo::ISA = \@Bar::ISA" or "*Foo::ISA =
*Bar::ISA") [perl #77238]
Unicode
Ties, Overloading and Other Magic
The Debugger
Threads
Scoping and Subroutines
Signals
Miscellaneous Memory Leaks
Memory Corruption and Crashes
Fixes to Various Perl Operators
Bugs Relating to the C API
Known Problems
Errata
keys(), values(), and each() work on arrays
split() and @_
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5125delta - what is new for perl v5.12.5
DESCRIPTION
Security
"Encode" decode_xs n-byte heap-overflow (CVE-2011-2939)
"File::Glob::bsd_glob()" memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC
(CVE-2011-2728).
Heap buffer overrun in 'x' string repeat operator (CVE-2012-5195)
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules
Changes to Existing Documentation
perlebcdic
perlunicode
perluniprops
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Platform Specific Changes
Mac OS X, NetBSD
Selected Bug Fixes
Errata
split() and @_
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5124delta - what is new for perl v5.12.4
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Modules and Pragmata
Testing
Documentation
Platform Specific Notes
Linux
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5123delta - what is new for perl v5.12.3
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
"keys", "values" work on arrays
Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes
Solaris, VMS, VOS
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5122delta - what is new for perl v5.12.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Pragmata Changes
Updated Modules
"Carp", "CPANPLUS", "File::Glob", "File::Copy", "File::Spec"
Utility Changes
Changes to Existing Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes
AIX
Windows
VMS
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5121delta - what is new for perl v5.12.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Pragmata Changes
Updated Modules
Changes to Existing Documentation
Testing
Testing Improvements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements
Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes
HP-UX
AIX
FreeBSD 7
VMS
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5120delta - what is new for perl v5.12.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
New "package NAME VERSION" syntax
The "..." operator
Implicit strictures
Unicode improvements
Y2038 compliance
qr overloading
Pluggable keywords
APIs for more internals
Overridable function lookup
A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders
"\N" experimental regex escape
DTrace support
Support for "configure_requires" in CPAN module metadata
"each", "keys", "values" are now more flexible
"when" as a statement modifier
$, flexibility
// in when clauses
Enabling warnings from your shell environment
"delete local"
New support for Abstract namespace sockets
32-bit limit on substr arguments removed
Potentially Incompatible Changes
Deprecations warn by default
Version number formats
@INC reorganization
REGEXPs are now first class
Switch statement changes
flip-flop operators, defined-or operator
Smart match changes
Other potentially incompatible changes
Deprecations
suidperl, Use of ":=" to mean an empty attribute list,
"UNIVERSAL->import()", Use of "goto" to jump into a construct,
Custom character names in \N{name} that don't look like names,
Deprecated Modules, Class::ISA, Pod::Plainer, Shell, Switch,
Assignment to $[, Use of the attribute :locked on subroutines, Use
of "locked" with the attributes pragma, Use of "unique" with the
attributes pragma, Perl_pmflag, Numerous Perl 4-era libraries
Unicode overhaul
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
"autodie", "Compress::Raw::Bzip2", "overloading", "parent",
"Parse::CPAN::Meta", "VMS::DCLsym", "VMS::Stdio",
"XS::APItest::KeywordRPN"
Updated Pragmata
"base", "bignum", "charnames", "constant", "diagnostics",
"feature", "less", "lib", "mro", "overload", "threads",
"threads::shared", "version", "warnings"
Updated Modules
"Archive::Extract", "Archive::Tar", "Attribute::Handlers",
"AutoLoader", "B::Concise", "B::Debug", "B::Deparse",
"B::Lint", "CGI", "Class::ISA", "Compress::Raw::Zlib", "CPAN",
"CPANPLUS", "CPANPLUS::Dist::Build", "Data::Dumper", "DB_File",
"Devel::PPPort", "Digest", "Digest::MD5", "Digest::SHA",
"Encode", "Exporter", "ExtUtils::CBuilder",
"ExtUtils::Command", "ExtUtils::Constant", "ExtUtils::Install",
"ExtUtils::MakeMaker", "ExtUtils::Manifest",
"ExtUtils::ParseXS", "File::Fetch", "File::Path", "File::Temp",
"Filter::Simple", "Filter::Util::Call", "Getopt::Long", "IO",
"IO::Zlib", "IPC::Cmd", "IPC::SysV", "Locale::Maketext",
"Locale::Maketext::Simple", "Log::Message",
"Log::Message::Simple", "Math::BigInt",
"Math::BigInt::FastCalc", "Math::BigRat", "Math::Complex",
"Memoize", "MIME::Base64", "Module::Build", "Module::CoreList",
"Module::Load", "Module::Load::Conditional", "Module::Loaded",
"Module::Pluggable", "Net::Ping", "NEXT", "Object::Accessor",
"Package::Constants", "PerlIO", "Pod::Parser", "Pod::Perldoc",
"Pod::Plainer", "Pod::Simple", "Safe", "SelfLoader",
"Storable", "Switch", "Sys::Syslog", "Term::ANSIColor",
"Term::UI", "Test", "Test::Harness", "Test::Simple",
"Text::Balanced", "Text::ParseWords", "Text::Soundex",
"Thread::Queue", "Thread::Semaphore", "Tie::RefHash",
"Time::HiRes", "Time::Local", "Time::Piece",
"Unicode::Collate", "Unicode::Normalize", "Win32",
"Win32API::File", "XSLoader"
Removed Modules and Pragmata
"attrs", "CPAN::API::HOWTO", "CPAN::DeferedCode",
"CPANPLUS::inc", "DCLsym", "ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes",
"ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish", "Stdio",
"Test::Harness::Assert", "Test::Harness::Iterator",
"Test::Harness::Point", "Test::Harness::Results",
"Test::Harness::Straps", "Test::Harness::Util", "XSSymSet"
Deprecated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Selected Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Internal Changes
Testing
Testing improvements
Parallel tests, Test harness flexibility, Test watchdog
New Tests
New or Changed Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changed Diagnostics
"Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s", "Prototype after
'%c' for %s : %s"
Utility Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes
New Platforms
Haiku, MirOS BSD
Discontinued Platforms
Domain/OS, MiNT, Tenon MachTen
Updated Platforms
AIX, Cygwin, Darwin (Mac OS X), DragonFly BSD, FreeBSD, Irix,
NetBSD, OpenVMS, Stratus VOS, Symbian, Windows
Known Problems
Errata
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5101delta - what is new for perl v5.10.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Switch statement changes
flip-flop operators, defined-or operator
Smart match changes
Other incompatible changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 5.1.0
A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders
The "overloading" pragma
Parallel tests
DTrace support
Support for "configure_requires" in CPAN module metadata
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
"autodie", "Compress::Raw::Bzip2", "parent",
"Parse::CPAN::Meta"
Pragmata Changes
"attributes", "attrs", "base", "bigint", "bignum", "bigrat",
"charnames", "constant", "feature", "fields", "lib", "open",
"overload", "overloading", "version"
Updated Modules
"Archive::Extract", "Archive::Tar", "Attribute::Handlers",
"AutoLoader", "AutoSplit", "B", "B::Debug", "B::Deparse",
"B::Lint", "B::Xref", "Benchmark", "Carp", "CGI",
"Compress::Zlib", "CPAN", "CPANPLUS", "CPANPLUS::Dist::Build",
"Cwd", "Data::Dumper", "DB", "DB_File", "Devel::PPPort",
"Digest::MD5", "Digest::SHA", "DirHandle", "Dumpvalue",
"DynaLoader", "Encode", "Errno", "Exporter",
"ExtUtils::CBuilder", "ExtUtils::Command",
"ExtUtils::Constant", "ExtUtils::Embed", "ExtUtils::Install",
"ExtUtils::MakeMaker", "ExtUtils::Manifest",
"ExtUtils::ParseXS", "Fatal", "File::Basename",
"File::Compare", "File::Copy", "File::Fetch", "File::Find",
"File::Path", "File::Spec", "File::stat", "File::Temp",
"FileCache", "FileHandle", "Filter::Simple",
"Filter::Util::Call", "FindBin", "GDBM_File", "Getopt::Long",
"Hash::Util::FieldHash", "I18N::Collate", "IO",
"IO::Compress::*", "IO::Dir", "IO::Handle", "IO::Socket",
"IO::Zlib", "IPC::Cmd", "IPC::Open3", "IPC::SysV", "lib",
"List::Util", "Locale::MakeText", "Log::Message",
"Math::BigFloat", "Math::BigInt", "Math::BigInt::FastCalc",
"Math::BigRat", "Math::Complex", "Math::Trig", "Memoize",
"Module::Build", "Module::CoreList", "Module::Load",
"Module::Load::Conditional", "Module::Loaded",
"Module::Pluggable", "NDBM_File", "Net::Ping", "NEXT",
"Object::Accessor", "OS2::REXX", "Package::Constants",
"PerlIO", "PerlIO::via", "Pod::Man", "Pod::Parser",
"Pod::Simple", "Pod::Text", "POSIX", "Safe", "Scalar::Util",
"SelectSaver", "SelfLoader", "Socket", "Storable", "Switch",
"Symbol", "Sys::Syslog", "Term::ANSIColor", "Term::ReadLine",
"Term::UI", "Test::Harness", "Test::Simple",
"Text::ParseWords", "Text::Tabs", "Text::Wrap",
"Thread::Queue", "Thread::Semaphore", "threads",
"threads::shared", "Tie::RefHash", "Tie::StdHandle",
"Time::HiRes", "Time::Local", "Time::Piece",
"Unicode::Normalize", "Unicode::UCD", "UNIVERSAL", "Win32",
"Win32API::File", "XSLoader"
Utility Changes
h2ph, h2xs, perl5db.pl, perlthanks
New Documentation
perlhaiku, perlmroapi, perlperf, perlrepository, perlthanks
Changes to Existing Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
ext/ reorganisation
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Platform Specific Changes
AIX, Cygwin, FreeBSD, Irix, Haiku, MirOS BSD, NetBSD, Stratus
VOS, Symbian, Win32, VMS
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
"panic: sv_chop %s", "Can't locate package %s for the parents of
%s", "v-string in use/require is non-portable", "Deep recursion on
subroutine "%s""
Changed Internals
"SVf_UTF8", "SVs_TEMP"
New Tests
t/comp/retainedlines.t, t/io/perlio_fail.t, t/io/perlio_leaks.t,
t/io/perlio_open.t, t/io/perlio.t, t/io/pvbm.t,
t/mro/package_aliases.t, t/op/dbm.t, t/op/index_thr.t,
t/op/pat_thr.t, t/op/qr_gc.t, t/op/reg_email_thr.t,
t/op/regexp_qr_embed_thr.t, t/op/regexp_unicode_prop.t,
t/op/regexp_unicode_prop_thr.t, t/op/reg_nc_tie.t,
t/op/reg_posixcc.t, t/op/re.t, t/op/setpgrpstack.t,
t/op/substr_thr.t, t/op/upgrade.t, t/uni/lex_utf8.t, t/uni/tie.t
Known Problems
Deprecations
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5100delta - what is new for perl 5.10.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
The "feature" pragma
New -E command-line switch
Defined-or operator
Switch and Smart Match operator
Regular expressions
Recursive Patterns, Named Capture Buffers, Possessive
Quantifiers, Backtracking control verbs, Relative
backreferences, "\K" escape, Vertical and horizontal
whitespace, and linebreak, Optional pre-match and post-match
captures with the /p flag
"say()"
Lexical $_
The "_" prototype
UNITCHECK blocks
New Pragma, "mro"
readdir() may return a "short filename" on Windows
readpipe() is now overridable
Default argument for readline()
state() variables
Stacked filetest operators
UNIVERSAL::DOES()
Formats
Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
"no VERSION"
"chdir", "chmod" and "chown" on filehandles
OS groups
Recursive sort subs
Exceptions in constant folding
Source filters in @INC
New internal variables
"${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}", "${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}",
"${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}", "${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}"
Miscellaneous
UCD 5.0.0
MAD
kill() on Windows
Incompatible Changes
Packing and UTF-8 strings
Byte/character count feature in unpack()
The $* and $# variables have been removed
substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
Parsing of "-f _"
":unique"
Effect of pragmas in eval
chdir FOO
Handling of .pmc files
$^V is now a "version" object instead of a v-string
@- and @+ in patterns
$AUTOLOAD can now be tainted
Tainting and printf
undef and signal handlers
strictures and dereferencing in defined()
"(?p{})" has been removed
Pseudo-hashes have been removed
Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
Removal of the JPL
Recursive inheritance detected earlier
warnings::enabled and warnings::warnif changed to favor users of
modules
Modules and Pragmata
Upgrading individual core modules
Pragmata Changes
"feature", "mro", Scoping of the "sort" pragma, Scoping of
"bignum", "bigint", "bigrat", "base", "strict" and "warnings",
"version", "warnings", "less"
New modules
Selected Changes to Core Modules
"Attribute::Handlers", "B::Lint", "B", "Thread"
Utility Changes
perl -d, ptar, ptardiff, shasum, corelist, h2ph and h2xs, perlivp,
find2perl, config_data, cpanp, cpan2dist, pod2html
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
In-place sorting
Lexical array access
XS-assisted SWASHGET
Constant subroutines
"PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
Weak references are cheaper
sort() enhancements
Memory optimisations
UTF-8 cache optimisation
Sloppy stat on Windows
Regular expressions optimisations
Engine de-recursivised, Single char char-classes treated as
literals, Trie optimisation of literal string alternations,
Aho-Corasick start-point optimisation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements
"-Dusesitecustomize", Relocatable installations, strlcat() and
strlcpy(), "d_pseudofork" and "d_printf_format_null", Configure
help
Compilation improvements
Parallel build, Borland's compilers support, Static build on
Windows, ppport.h files, C++ compatibility, Support for
Microsoft 64-bit compiler, Visual C++, Win32 builds
Installation improvements
Module auxiliary files
New Or Improved Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
strictures in regexp-eval blocks, Calling CORE::require(),
Subscripts of slices, "no warnings 'category'" works correctly with
-w, threads improvements, chr() and negative values, PERL5SHELL and
tainting, Using *FILE{IO}, Overloading and reblessing, Overloading
and UTF-8, eval memory leaks fixed, Random device on Windows,
PERLIO_DEBUG, PerlIO::scalar and read-only scalars, study() and
UTF-8, Critical signals, @INC-hook fix, "-t" switch fix, Duping
UTF-8 filehandles, Localisation of hash elements
New or Changed Diagnostics
Use of uninitialized value, Deprecated use of my() in false
conditional, !=~ should be !~, Newline in left-justified string,
Too late for "-T" option, "%s" variable %s masks earlier
declaration, readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid
dirhandle, Opening dirhandle/filehandle %s also as a
file/directory, Use of -P is deprecated, v-string in use/require is
non-portable, perl -V
Changed Internals
Reordering of SVt_* constants
Elimination of SVt_PVBM
New type SVt_BIND
Removal of CPP symbols
Less space is used by ops
New parser
Use of "const"
Mathoms
"AvFLAGS" has been removed
"av_*" changes
$^H and %^H
B:: modules inheritance changed
Anonymous hash and array constructors
Known Problems
UTF-8 problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl589delta - what is new for perl v5.8.9
DESCRIPTION
Notice
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 5.1.0.
stat and -X on directory handles
Source filters in @INC
Exceptions in constant folding
"no VERSION"
Improved internal UTF-8 caching code
Runtime relocatable installations
New internal variables
"${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}", "${^UTF8CACHE}"
"readpipe" is now overridable
simple exception handling macros
-D option enhancements
XS-assisted SWASHGET
Constant subroutines
New Platforms
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules
Updated Modules
Utility Changes
debugger upgraded to version 1.31
perlthanks
perlbug
h2xs
h2ph
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Relocatable installations
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Installation improvements.
Platform Specific Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Unicode
PerlIO
Magic
Reblessing overloaded objects now works
"strict" now propagates correctly into string evals
Other fixes
Platform Specific Fixes
Smaller fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
panic: sv_chop %s
Maximal count of pending signals (%s) exceeded
panic: attempt to call %s in %s
FETCHSIZE returned a negative value
Can't upgrade %s (%d) to %d
%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine
Cannot make the non-overridable builtin %s fatal
Unrecognized character '%s' in column %d
Offset outside string
Invalid escape in the specified encoding in regexp; marked by <--
HERE in m/%s/
Your machine doesn't support dump/undump.
Changed Internals
Macro cleanups
New Tests
ext/DynaLoader/t/DynaLoader.t, t/comp/fold.t, t/io/pvbm.t,
t/lib/proxy_constant_subs.t, t/op/attrhand.t, t/op/dbm.t,
t/op/inccode-tie.t, t/op/incfilter.t, t/op/kill0.t, t/op/qrstack.t,
t/op/qr.t, t/op/regexp_qr_embed.t, t/op/regexp_qr.t, t/op/rxcode.t,
t/op/studytied.t, t/op/substT.t, t/op/symbolcache.t,
t/op/upgrade.t, t/mro/package_aliases.t, t/pod/twice.t,
t/run/cloexec.t, t/uni/cache.t, t/uni/chr.t, t/uni/greek.t,
t/uni/latin2.t, t/uni/overload.t, t/uni/tie.t
Known Problems
Platform Specific Notes
Win32
OS/2
VMS
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl588delta - what is new for perl v5.8.8
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
"h2xs" enhancements
"perlivp" enhancements
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
Remove over-optimisation
sprintf() fixes
Debugger and Unicode slowdown
Smaller fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Attempt to set length of freed array
Non-string passed as bitmask
Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search
pattern
Changed Internals
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl587delta - what is new for perl v5.8.7
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
suidperl less insecure
Optional site customization script
"Config.pm" is now much smaller.
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
find2perl enhancements
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Known Problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
Performance Enhancements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
New Tests
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
Perl's debugger
h2ph
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Known Problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Malloc wrapping
Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
suidperl less insecure
format
Modules and Pragmata
Updated modules
Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter,
File::Find, IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat,
Math::BigInt, Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX,
Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor,
Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32, base, open, threads, utf8
Performance Enhancements
Utility Changes
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Future Directions
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin,
List::Util, Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX,
Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness,
threads::shared
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Configuration and Building
Platform Specific Problems
Known Problems
Future Directions
Obituary
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Hash Randomisation
Threading
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules And Pragmata
Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet,
MIME::Base64, Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes,
Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL
Selected Bug Fixes
Changed Internals
Platform Specific Problems
Future Directions
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Hash Randomisation
UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
(Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
(Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
Core Enhancements
UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
Unsafe signals again available
Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
local ${$x}
Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
Deprecation Warnings
Miscellaneous Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules And Pragmata
base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark,
ByteLoader, bytes, CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File,
Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, Encode, fields, libnet,
Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping, PerlIO::scalar,
podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc, Scalar::Util,
Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads,
threads::shared, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
Win32::GetFolderPath, Win32::GetOSVersion
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Platform-specific enhancements
Selected Bug Fixes
Closures, eval and lexicals
Generic fixes
Platform-specific fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
New "Missing control char name in \c"
New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
New "Use of freed value in iteration"
Changed Internals
New Tests
Known Problems
Tied hashes in scalar context
Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
B::C
Platform Specific Problems
EBCDIC Platforms
Cygwin 1.5 problems
HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
Future Directions
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
DESCRIPTION
Highlights In 5.8.0
Incompatible Changes
Binary Incompatibility
64-bit platforms and malloc
AIX Dynaloading
Attributes for "my" variables now handled at run-time
Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
New Unicode Semantics (no more "use utf8", almost)
New Unicode Properties
REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
pack/unpack D/F recycled
glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
Deprecations
Core Enhancements
Unicode Overhaul
PerlIO is Now The Default
ithreads
Restricted Hashes
Safe Signals
Understanding of Numbers
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
Miscellaneous Changes
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Generic Improvements
New Or Improved Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
New Tests
Known Problems
The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
PDL failing some tests
Perl_get_sv
Self-tying Problems
ext/threads/t/libc
Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
Timing problems
Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
Platform Specific Problems
AIX
Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
AmigaOS
BeOS
Cygwin "unable to remap"
Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
DJGPP Failures
FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
Mac OS X
Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
OS/2 Test Failures
op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
SCO
Solaris 2.5
Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
UNICOS/mk
UTS
VOS (Stratus)
VMS
Win32
XML::Parser not working
z/OS (OS/390)
Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.1
DESCRIPTION
Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
Security Issues
Core bug fixes
"UNIVERSAL::isa()", Memory leaks, Numeric conversions,
qw(a\\b), caller(), Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode,
Autovivification of symbolic references to special variables,
Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and errors, glob(),
Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit
support, Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find,
xsubpp, "no Module;", Tests
Core features
Configuration issues
Documentation
Bundled modules
B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI,
CPAN, Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find,
Getopt::Long, IO::Poll, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat,
Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, Pod::Text,
SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
Platform-specific improvements
NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
Core Enhancements
Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
"our" declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
"more bits"
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
"sort $coderef @foo" allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved "qw//" operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
"-T" filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
"require" and "do" may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects "-c" switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
@- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches
Modules and Pragmata
Modules
attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames,
Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek,
Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare,
File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions,
Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex,
Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect,
Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File,
Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local,
Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
Pragmata
Utility Changes
dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger
Improved Documentation
perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod,
perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod,
perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod,
perlunicode.pod
Performance enhancements
Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
Installation and Configuration Improvements
-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
"-A" flag
Enhanced Installation Directories
gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
Platform specific changes
Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
VMS
Win32
Significant bug fixes
<HANDLE> on empty files
"eval '...'" improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
"(\$)" prototype and $foo{a}
"goto &sub" and AUTOLOAD
"-bareword" allowed under "use integer"
Failures in DESTROY()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under "-U"
END blocks and the "-c" switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles
New or Changed Diagnostics
"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not
yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only
after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A
or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric
type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/:
Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/
should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check
prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument
is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future
reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to
join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored,
Bareword found in conditional, Binary number >
0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size >
32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in
"%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing
to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read
CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s
from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character
class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside
character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s,
CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did
you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data,
entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp,
Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle
%s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal
number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value
"%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary
digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits
in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s,
Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator
character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s
failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not
permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped
open, Missing name in "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package
name allowed for variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c,
no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number
> 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen
errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around
"%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME :
ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in
pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of
freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take
arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching
effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ
elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s),
Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process
%x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c
passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list,
Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list,
Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a
constant number
New tests
Incompatible Changes
Perl Source Incompatibilities
CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has
changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different,
Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed
pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys
has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec
bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to
mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and
"\(%h)", vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been
removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator,
Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics
of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More
builtins taint their results
C Source Incompatibilities
"PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"
Compatible C Source API Changes
"PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"
Binary Incompatibilities
Known Problems
Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
Known test failures
EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features
Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak
references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite,
Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The
regular expression code constructs:
Obsolete Diagnostics
Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions,
Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now
must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp
too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
"our" declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
"more bits"
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
"sort $coderef @foo" allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved "qw//" operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
"-T" filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
"require" and "do" may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects "-c" switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
@- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches
Modules and Pragmata
Modules
attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames,
Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek,
Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare,
File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions,
Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex,
Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect,
Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File,
Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local,
Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
Pragmata
Utility Changes
dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger
Improved Documentation
perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod,
perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod,
perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod,
perlunicode.pod
Performance enhancements
Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
Installation and Configuration Improvements
-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
"-A" flag
Enhanced Installation Directories
Platform specific changes
Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
VMS
Win32
Significant bug fixes
<HANDLE> on empty files
"eval '...'" improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
"(\$)" prototype and $foo{a}
"goto &sub" and AUTOLOAD
"-bareword" allowed under "use integer"
Failures in DESTROY()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under "-U"
END blocks and the "-c" switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles
New or Changed Diagnostics
"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not
yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only
after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A
or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric
type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/:
Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/
should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check
prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument
is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future
reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to
join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored,
Bareword found in conditional, Binary number >
0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size >
32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in
"%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing
to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read
CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s
from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character
class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside
character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s,
CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did
you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data,
entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp,
Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle
%s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal
number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value
"%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary
digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits
in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s,
Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator
character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s
failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not
permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped
open, Missing name in "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package
name allowed for variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c,
no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number
> 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen
errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around
"%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME :
ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in
pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of
freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take
arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching
effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ
elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s),
Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process
%x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c
passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list,
Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list,
Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a
constant number
New tests
Incompatible Changes
Perl Source Incompatibilities
CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has
changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different,
Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed
pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys
has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec
bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to
mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and
"\(%h)", vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been
removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator,
Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics
of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More
builtins taint their results
C Source Incompatibilities
"PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"
Compatible C Source API Changes
"PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"
Binary Incompatibilities
Known Problems
Thread test failures
EBCDIC platforms not supported
In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
gcc
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features
Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak
references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite,
Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The
regular expression code constructs:
Obsolete Diagnostics
Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions,
Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now
must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp
too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
DESCRIPTION
About the new versioning system
Incompatible Changes
WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
Default installation structure has changed
Perl Source Compatibility
C Source Compatibility
Binary Compatibility
Security fixes may affect compatibility
Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
Licensing
Core Changes
Threads
Compiler
Regular Expressions
Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New
regular expression constructs, New operator for precompiled
regular expressions, Other improvements, Incompatible changes
Improved malloc()
Quicksort is internally implemented
Reliable signals
Reliable stack pointers
More generous treatment of carriage returns
Memory leaks
Better support for multiple interpreters
Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
"%!" is transparently tied to the Errno module
Pseudo-hashes are supported
"EXPR foreach EXPR" is supported
Keywords can be globally overridden
$^E is meaningful on Win32
"foreach (1..1000000)" optimized
"Foo::" can be used as implicitly quoted package name
"exists $Foo::{Bar::}" tests existence of a package
Better locale support
Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
prototype() returns useful results on builtins
Extended support for exception handling
Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
All "printf" format conversions are handled internally
New "INIT" keyword
New "lock" keyword
New "qr//" operator
"our" is now a reserved word
Tied arrays are now fully supported
Tied handles support is better
4th argument to substr
Negative LENGTH argument to splice
Magic lvalues are now more magical
<> now reads in records
Supported Platforms
New Platforms
Changes in existing support
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules
B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec,
ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV,
Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Thread, attrs, fields, re
Changes in existing modules
Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX,
DB_File, MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
Utility Changes
Documentation Changes
New Diagnostics
Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &,
Bad index while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to
nonexistent package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value,
Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce
array into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't
localize pseudo-hash element, Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not
available, Cannot find an opnumber for "%s", Character class syntax
[. .] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [:
:] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [= =]
is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in insecure
regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to ''
(assuming package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array
field, No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory
during ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer
range, Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s'
%s, Reference found where even-sized list expected, Undefined value
assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated,
perl: warning: Setting locale failed
Obsolete Diagnostics
Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for -e: %s, Cannot open
temporary file, regexp too big
Configuration Changes
BUGS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
DESCRIPTION
Supported Environments
Core Changes
List assignment to %ENV works
Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
$PERL5OPT environment variable
Limitations on -M, -m, and -T options
More precise warnings
Deprecated: Inherited "AUTOLOAD" for non-methods
Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
Group vector changeable with $)
Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
No resetting of $. on implicit close
"wantarray" may return undef
"eval EXPR" determines value of EXPR in scalar context
Changes to tainting checks
No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV,
$BASH_ENV, No spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a
terminal name
New Opcode module and revised Safe module
Embedding improvements
Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
New and changed syntax
$coderef->(PARAMS)
New and changed builtin constants
__PACKAGE__
New and changed builtin variables
$^E, $^H, $^M
New and changed builtin functions
delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue,
my() in Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use
VERSION, use Module VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand,
$_ as Default, "m//gc" does not reset search position on
failure, "m//x" ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, nested "sub{}"
closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
New builtin methods
isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
TIEHANDLE now supported
TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST,
READ this LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
Malloc enhancements
-DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
Support for More Operating Systems
Win32
Plan 9
QNX
AmigaOS
Pragmata
use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir',
use constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
Modules
Required Updates
Installation directories
Module information summary
Fcntl
IO
Math::Complex
Math::Trig
DB_File
Net::Ping
Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
Utility Changes
pod2html
Sends converted HTML to standard output
xsubpp
"void" XSUBs now default to returning nothing
C Language API Changes
"gv_fetchmethod" and "perl_call_sv", "perl_eval_pv", Extended API
for manipulating hashes
Documentation Changes
perldelta, perlfaq, perllocale, perltoot, perlapio, perlmodlib,
perldebug, perlsec
New Diagnostics
"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s
argument is not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx,
Allocation too large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s),
Attempt to free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference
as lvalue in substr, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package,
Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s")
as %s ref while "strict refs" in use, Cannot resolve method `%s'
overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant subroutine %s redefined,
Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return a
reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long,
Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
%s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal
number, internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s:
"%s", Invalid type in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s',
Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo, Null picture in
formline, Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory
during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put
comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words with
commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for
"-T" option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist,
Unrecognized character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of
"$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be
"0"; test with defined(), Variable "%s" may be unavailable,
Variable "%s" will not stay shared, Warning: something's wrong,
Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Got an error from
DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too long,
Process terminated by SIG%s
BUGS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perlexperiment - A listing of experimental features in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Current experiments
"our" can now have an experimental optional attribute "unique",
Smart match ("~~"), Lexical $_, Pluggable keywords, Array and
hash container functions accept references, Lexical
subroutines, Regular Expression Set Operations, "\s" in regexp
matches vertical tab, Subroutine signatures, Postfix
dereference syntax, The <:win32> IO pseudolayer, There is an
"installhtml" target in the Makefile, Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
Accepted features
64-bit support, die accepts a reference, DB module, Weak
references, Internal file glob, fork() emulation,
-Dusemultiplicity -Duseithreads, Support for long doubles, The
"\N" regex character class, "(?{code})" and "(??{ code })",
Linux abstract Unix domain sockets, Lvalue subroutines,
Backtracking control verbs, The <:pop> IO pseudolayer
Removed features
5.005-style threading, perlcc, The pseudo-hash data type,
GetOpt::Long Options can now take multiple values at once
(experimental), Assertions, Test::Harness::Straps, "legacy"
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE
perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The "Artistic License"
Preamble
Definitions
"Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You",
"Reasonable copying fee", "Freely Available"
Conditions
a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 1
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
perlaix - Perl version 5 on IBM AIX (UNIX) systems
DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
Supported Compilers
Incompatibility with AIX Toolbox lib gdbm
Perl 5 was successfully compiled and tested on:
Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
Using Large Files with Perl
Threaded Perl
64-bit Perl
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (threaded/32-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (32-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (threaded/64-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (64-bit)
Compiling Perl 5 on AIX 7.1.0
Compiling Perl 5 on older AIX versions up to 4.3.3
OS level
Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX < 5L
The IBM ANSI C Compiler
The usenm option
Using GNU's gcc for building Perl
Using Large Files with Perl < 5L
Threaded Perl < 5L
64-bit Perl < 5L
AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
AUTHORS
perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
NOTE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library, Version of Amiga OS
Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
INSTALLATION
Accessing documentation
Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
Making Perl on AmigaOS
Testing Perl on AmigaOS
Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
perlandroid - Perl under Android
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Cross-compilation
Get the Android Native Development Kit (NDK)
Determine the architecture you'll be cross-compiling for
Set up a standalone toolchain
adb or ssh?
Configure and beyond
Native Builds
AUTHOR
perlbs2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
gzip on BS2000
bison on BS2000
Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
Compiling Perl on BS2000
Testing Perl on BS2000
Installing Perl on BS2000
Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
Using Perl in "native" BS2000
Floating point anomalies on BS2000
Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Mailing list
HISTORY
perlce - Perl for WinCE
Building Perl for WinCE
WARNING
DESCRIPTION
General explanations on cross-compiling WinCE
CURRENT BUILD INSTRUCTIONS
OLD BUILD INSTRUCTIONS
Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer
Keuchel's celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources, go
to ./win32 subdirectory, edit file
./win32/ce-helpers/compile.bat, run compile.bat, run
compile.bat dist
Using Perl on WinCE
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
ENVIRONMENT
PERL5LIB, PATH, TMP, UNIXROOTPATH, ROWS/COLS, HOME,
CONSOLEFONTSIZE
REGISTRY
XS
BUGS
INSTALLATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
History of WinCE port
AUTHORS
Rainer Keuchel <coyxc@rainer-keuchel.de>, Vadim Konovalov, Daniel
Dragan
perlcygwin - Perl for Cygwin
SYNOPSIS
PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
Cygwin Configuration
"PATH", nroff
CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
"-lcrypt", "-lgdbm_compat" ("use GDBM_File"), "-ldb" ("use
DB_File"), "cygserver" ("use IPC::SysV"), "-lutil"
Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
"-Uusedl", "-Dusemymalloc", "-Uuseperlio", "-Dusemultiplicity",
"-Uuse64bitint", "-Duselongdouble", "-Uuseithreads",
"-Duselargefiles", "-Dmksymlinks"
Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
Win9x and "d_eofnblk", Compiler/Preprocessor defines
MAKE ON CYGWIN
TEST ON CYGWIN
File Permissions on Cygwin
NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
"fork()" failures in io_* tests
Specific features of the Cygwin port
Script Portability on Cygwin
Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, .exe, Cygwin vs. Windows
process ids, Cygwin vs. Windows errors, rebase errors on fork
or system, "chown()", Miscellaneous
Prebuilt methods:
"Cwd::cwd", "Cygwin::pid_to_winpid", "Cygwin::winpid_to_pid",
"Cygwin::win_to_posix_path", "Cygwin::posix_to_win_path",
"Cygwin::mount_table()", "Cygwin::mount_flags",
"Cygwin::is_binmount", "Cygwin::sync_winenv"
INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled
Perl Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts, Perl
Module Tests
BUGS ON CYGWIN
AUTHORS
HISTORY
perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
DJGPP, Pthreads
Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
Building Perl on DOS
Testing Perl on DOS
Installation of Perl on DOS
BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
Building XS Modules on DOS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlfreebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
DESCRIPTION
FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
$^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
AUTHOR
perlhaiku - Perl version 5.10+ on Haiku
DESCRIPTION
BUILD AND INSTALL
KNOWN PROBLEMS
CONTACT
perlhpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX) systems
DESCRIPTION
Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
Using perl from HP's porting centre
Other prebuilt perl binaries
Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
PA-RISC
Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
PA-RISC 1.0
PA-RISC 1.1
PA-RISC 2.0
Itanium Processor Family (IPF) and HP-UX
Itanium, Itanium 2 & Madison 6
HP-UX versions
Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
The HP ANSI C Compiler
The GNU C Compiler
Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
Threaded Perl on HP-UX
64-bit Perl on HP-UX
Oracle on HP-UX
GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
error: pasting ")" and "l" does not give a valid preprocessing token
Miscellaneous
AUTHOR
perlhurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
DESCRIPTION
Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
AUTHOR
perlirix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
DESCRIPTION
Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
About Compiler Versions of Irix
Linker Problems in Irix
Malloc in Irix
Building with threads in Irix
Irix 5.3
AUTHOR
perllinux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems
DESCRIPTION
Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS
AUTHOR
perlmacos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
perlmacosx - Perl under Mac OS X
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Installation Prefix
SDK support
Universal Binary support
64-bit PPC support
libperl and Prebinding
Updating Apple's Perl
Known problems
Cocoa
Starting From Scratch
AUTHOR
DATE
perlnetware - Perl for NetWare
DESCRIPTION
BUILD
Tools & SDK
Setup
SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
Make
Interpreter
Extensions
INSTALL
BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHORS
DATE
perlopenbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems
DESCRIPTION
OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with
ithreads
AUTHOR
perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Target
Other OSes
Prerequisites
EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
Frequently asked questions
"It does not work"
I cannot run external programs
I cannot embed perl into my program, or use perl.dll from my
program.
Is your program EMX-compiled with "-Zmt -Zcrtdll"?, Did you use
ExtUtils::Embed?
"``" and pipe-"open" do not work under DOS.
Cannot start "find.exe "pattern" file"
INSTALLATION
Automatic binary installation
"PERL_BADLANG", "PERL_BADFREE", Config.pm
Manual binary installation
Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO
executable (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities,
Main Perl library, Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile
Perl modules, Manpages for Perl and utilities, Manpages for
Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, Perl manual in
.INF format, Pdksh
Warning
Accessing documentation
OS/2 .INF file
Plain text
Manpages
HTML
GNU "info" files
PDF files
"LaTeX" docs
BUILD
The short story
Prerequisites
Getting perl source
Application of the patches
Hand-editing
Making
Testing
A lot of "bad free", Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT,
op/fs.t, 18, 25, op/stat.t
Installing the built perl
"a.out"-style build
Building a binary distribution
Building custom .EXE files
Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded
extensions
Making executables with a custom search-paths
Build FAQ
Some "/" became "\" in pdksh.
'errno' - unresolved external
Problems with tr or sed
Some problem (forget which ;-)
Library ... not found
Segfault in make
op/sprintf test failure
Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
"setpriority", "getpriority"
"system()"
"extproc" on the first line
Additional modules:
Prebuilt methods:
"File::Copy::syscopy", "DynaLoader::mod2fname",
"Cwd::current_drive()",
"Cwd::sys_chdir(name)", "Cwd::change_drive(name)",
"Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)", "Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)",
"Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)", "Cwd::sys_cwd(name)",
"Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)", "Cwd::extLibpath([type])",
"Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )",
"OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)",
"OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)", OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(),
"OS2::MorphPM(serve)", "OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)",
"OS2::Serve_Messages(force)", "OS2::Process_Messages(force [,
cnt])", "OS2::_control87(new,mask)", OS2::get_control87(),
"OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)",
"OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])"
Prebuilt variables:
$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout,
$OS2::can_fork, $OS2::nsyserror
Misfeatures
Modifications
"popen", "tmpnam", "tmpfile", "ctermid", "stat", "mkdir",
"rmdir", "flock"
Identifying DLLs
Centralized management of resources
"HAB", "HMQ", Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
"CheckOSError(expr)", "CheckWinError(expr)",
"SaveWinError(expr)",
"SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)",
"WinError_2_Perl_rc", "FillWinError", "FillOSError(rc)",
Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
Perl flavors
perl.exe
perl_.exe
perl__.exe
perl___.exe
Why strange names?
Why dynamic linking?
Why chimera build?
ENVIRONMENT
"PERLLIB_PREFIX"
"PERL_BADLANG"
"PERL_BADFREE"
"PERL_SH_DIR"
"USE_PERL_FLOCK"
"TMP" or "TEMP"
Evolution
Text-mode filehandles
Priorities
DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
Global DLLs, specific DLLs, "BEGINLIBPATH" and "ENDLIBPATH", .
from "LIBPATH"
DLL forwarder generation
Threading
Calls to external programs
Memory allocation
Threads
"COND_WAIT", os2.c
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlos390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390 and z/OS
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tools
Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
Configure Perl on OS/390
Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
HISTORY
perlos400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
Known Problems
Perl on ILE
AUTHORS
perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
DESCRIPTION
Invoking Perl
What's in Plan 9 Perl
What's not in Plan 9 Perl
Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
Signals in Plan 9 Perl
COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
BUGS
Revision date
AUTHOR
perlqnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
DESCRIPTION
Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
QNX auxiliary files
qnx/ar, qnx/cpp
Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
Cross-compilation
AUTHOR
perlriscos - Perl version 5 for RISC OS
DESCRIPTION
BUILD
AUTHOR
perlsolaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
DESCRIPTION
Solaris Version Numbers.
RESOURCES
Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
SETTING UP
File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
RUN CONFIGURE.
64-bit perl on Solaris.
Threads in perl on Solaris.
Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
MAKE PROBLEMS.
Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl:
fatal: relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error
"No DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
MAKE TEST
op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
CROSS-COMPILATION
PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
BSD::Resource on Solaris
Net::SSLeay on Solaris
SunOS 4.x
AUTHOR
perlsymbian - Perl version 5 on Symbian OS
DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl on Symbian
Compilation problems
PerlApp
sisify.pl
Using Perl in Symbian
TO DO
WARNING
NOTE
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE
HISTORY
perlsynology - Perl 5 on Synology DSM systems
DESCRIPTION
Setting up the build environment
Compiling Perl 5
Known problems
Error message "No error definitions found",
"ext/DynaLoader/t/DynaLoader.t"
Smoke testing Perl 5
Adding libraries
REVISION
AUTHOR
THANKS
perltru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as Digital UNIX
formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
Threaded Perl on Tru64
Long Doubles on Tru64
DB_File tests failing on Tru64
64-bit Perl on Tru64
Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
Testing Perl on Tru64
ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
AUTHOR
perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
DESCRIPTION
Installation
Organization of Perl Images
Core Images
Perl Extensions
Installing static extensions
Installing dynamic extensions
File specifications
Syntax
Filename Case
Symbolic Links
Wildcard expansion
Pipes
PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
The Perl Forked Debugger
PERL_VMS_EXCEPTION_DEBUG
Command line
I/O redirection and backgrounding
Command line switches
-i, -S, -u
Perl functions
File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER,
die, dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime,
kill, qx//, select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time,
times, unlink LIST, utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
Perl variables
%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
SDBM_File
Revision date
AUTHOR
perlvos - Perl for Stratus OpenVOS
SYNOPSIS
BUILDING PERL FOR OPENVOS
INSTALLING PERL IN OPENVOS
USING PERL IN OPENVOS
Restrictions of Perl on OpenVOS
TEST STATUS
SUPPORT STATUS
AUTHOR
LAST UPDATE
perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
<http://mingw.org>, <http://mingw-w64.sf.net>
Setting Up Perl on Windows
Make, Command Shell, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Visual C++
2008-2013 Express Edition, Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Express
Edition, Microsoft Visual C++ Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform
SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW release 3 with gcc, Intel C++
Compiler
Building
Testing Perl on Windows
Installation of Perl on Windows
Usage Hints for Perl on Windows
Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the
command line, Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard
Expansion, Notes on 64-bit Windows
Running Perl Scripts
Miscellaneous Things
BUGS AND CAVEATS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHORS
Gary Ng <71564.1743@CompuServe.COM>, Gurusamy Sarathy
<gsar@activestate.com>, Nick Ing-Simmons <nick@ing-simmons.net>,
Jan Dubois <jand@activestate.com>, Steve Hay
<steve.m.hay@googlemail.com>
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perlboot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION
perlbot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION
perlrepository - Links to current information on the Perl source repository
DESCRIPTION
perltodo - Link to the Perl to-do list
DESCRIPTION
perltooc - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION
perltoot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION
PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
arybase - Set indexing base via $[
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
BUGS
SEE ALSO
attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
What "import" does
Built-in Attributes
lvalue, method, prototype(..), locked, shared, unique
Available Subroutines
get, reftype
Package-specific Attribute Handling
FETCH_type_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_type_ATTRIBUTES
Syntax of Attribute Lists
EXPORTS
Default exports
Available exports
Export tags defined
EXAMPLES
MORE EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
autodie - Replace functions with ones that succeed or die with lexical
scope
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXCEPTIONS
CATEGORIES
FUNCTION SPECIFIC NOTES
print
flock
system/exec
GOTCHAS
DIAGNOSTICS
:void cannot be used with lexical scope, No user hints defined for
%s
BUGS
autodie and string eval
REPORTING BUGS
FEEDBACK
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
autodie::exception - Exceptions from autodying functions.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Common Methods
Advanced methods
SEE ALSO
LICENSE
AUTHOR
autodie::exception::system - Exceptions from autodying system().
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
stringify
LICENSE
AUTHOR
autodie::hints - Provide hints about user subroutines to autodie
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
What are hints?
Example hints
Manually setting hints from within your program
Adding hints to your module
Insisting on hints
Diagnostics
Attempts to set_hints_for unidentifiable subroutine, fail hints
cannot be provided with either scalar or list hints for %s, %s hint
missing for %s
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
autodie::skip - Skip a package when throwing autodie exceptions
SYNPOSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
base - Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS
Base class package "%s" is empty, Class 'Foo' tried to inherit from
itself
HISTORY
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
use integer vs. use bigint
Options
a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, hex, oct, l, lib,
try or only, v or version
Math Library
Internal Format
Sign
Method calls
Methods
inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()
CAVEATS
ranges, in_effect(), hex()/oct()
MODULES USED
EXAMPLES
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Options
a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct,
v or version
Methods
Caveats
inf(), NaN(), e, PI(), bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()
Math Library
INTERNAL FORMAT
SIGN
CAVEATS
in_effect(), hex()/oct()
MODULES USED
EXAMPLES
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Modules Used
Math Library
Sign
Methods
inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()
MATH LIBRARY
Caveat
Options
a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct,
v or version
CAVEATS
in_effect(), hex()/oct()
EXAMPLES
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR
bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character semantics
NOTICE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
charnames - access to Unicode character names and named character
sequences; also define character names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LOOSE MATCHES
ALIASES
CUSTOM ALIASES
charnames::string_vianame(name)
charnames::vianame(name)
charnames::viacode(code)
CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
BUGS
constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
List constants
Defining multiple constants at once
Magic constants
TECHNICAL NOTES
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
deprecate - Perl pragma for deprecating the core version of a module
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The "diagnostics" Pragma
The splain Program
EXAMPLES
INTERNALS
BUGS
AUTHOR
encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
WARNING
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
Literal Conversions
PerlIO layers for "STD(IN|OUT)"
Implicit upgrading for byte strings
Side effects
FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
USAGE
use encoding [ENCNAME] ;, use encoding ENCNAME [ STDIN =>
ENCNAME_IN ...] ;, use encoding ENCNAME Filter=>1;, no encoding;
The Filter Option
Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
CAVEATS
NOT SCOPED
DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
tr/// with ranges
Legend of characters above
EXAMPLE - Greekperl
KNOWN PROBLEMS
literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format,
Thread safety
The Logic of :locale
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
encoding::warnings - Warn on implicit encoding conversions
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overview of the problem
Detecting the problem
Solving the problem
Upgrade both sides to unicode-strings, Downgrade both sides to
byte-strings, Specify the encoding for implicit byte-string
upgrading, PerlIO layers for STDIN and STDOUT, Literal
conversions, Implicit upgrading for byte-strings
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
experimental - Experimental features made easy
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Disclaimer
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
feature - Perl pragma to enable new features
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Lexical effect
"no feature"
AVAILABLE FEATURES
The 'say' feature
The 'state' feature
The 'switch' feature
The 'unicode_strings' feature
The 'unicode_eval' and 'evalbytes' features
The 'current_sub' feature
The 'array_base' feature
The 'fc' feature
The 'lexical_subs' feature
The 'postderef' and 'postderef_qq' features
The 'signatures' feature
FEATURE BUNDLES
IMPLICIT LOADING
fields - compile-time class fields
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
new, phash
SEE ALSO
filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Consider this carefully
The "access" sub-pragma
Limitation with regard to "_"
if - "use" a Perl module if a condition holds
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
inc::latest - use modules bundled in inc/ if they are newer than installed
ones
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Special notes on bundling
USAGE
Author-mode
loaded_modules(), write(), bundle_module()
As bundled in inc/
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating point
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
less - perl pragma to request less of something
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FOR MODULE AUTHORS
"BOOLEAN = less->of( FEATURE )"
"FEATURES = less->of()"
CAVEATS
This probably does nothing, This works only on 5.10+
lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Adding directories to @INC
Deleting directories from @INC
Restoring original @INC
CAVEATS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
locale - Perl pragma to use or avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
mro - Method Resolution Order
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
The C3 MRO
What is C3?
How does C3 work
Functions
mro::get_linear_isa($classname[, $type])
mro::set_mro ($classname, $type)
mro::get_mro($classname)
mro::get_isarev($classname)
mro::is_universal($classname)
mro::invalidate_all_method_caches()
mro::method_changed_in($classname)
mro::get_pkg_gen($classname)
next::method
next::can
maybe::next::method
SEE ALSO
The original Dylan paper
<http://haahr.tempdomainname.com/dylan/linearization-oopsla96.html>
Pugs
Parrot
<http://use.perl.org/~autrijus/journal/25768>
Python 2.3 MRO related links
<http://www.python.org/2.3/mro.html>,
<http://www.python.org/2.2.2/descrintro.html#mro>
Class::C3
Class::C3
AUTHOR
open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
SEE ALSO
ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
overload - Package for overloading Perl operations
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Fundamentals
Overloadable Operations
"not", "neg", "++", "--", Assignments, Non-mutators with a
mutator variant, "int", String, numeric, boolean, and regexp
conversions, Iteration, File tests, Matching, Dereferencing,
Special
Magic Autogeneration
Special Keys for "use overload"
defined, but FALSE, "undef", TRUE
How Perl Chooses an Operator Implementation
Losing Overloading
Inheritance and Overloading
Method names in the "use overload" directive, Overloading of an
operation is inherited by derived classes
Run-time Overloading
Public Functions
overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg),
overload::Method(obj,op)
Overloading Constants
integer, float, binary, q, qr
IMPLEMENTATION
COOKBOOK
Two-face Scalars
Two-face References
Symbolic Calculator
Really Symbolic Calculator
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
DIAGNOSTICS
Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, '%s' is not an
overloadable type, '%s' is not a code reference, overload arg '%s'
is invalid
BUGS AND PITFALLS
overloading - perl pragma to lexically control overloading
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"no overloading", "no overloading @ops", "use overloading", "use
overloading @ops"
parent - Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS
Class 'Foo' tried to inherit from itself
HISTORY
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
MAINTAINER
LICENSE
re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
'taint' mode
'eval' mode
'/flags' mode
'debug' mode
'Debug' mode
Compile related options, COMPILE, PARSE, OPTIMISE, TRIEC, DUMP,
Execute related options, EXECUTE, MATCH, TRIEE, INTUIT, Extra
debugging options, EXTRA, BUFFERS, TRIEM, STATE, STACK,
OPTIMISEM, OFFSETS, OFFSETSDBG, Other useful flags, ALL, All,
MORE, More
Exportable Functions
is_regexp($ref), regexp_pattern($ref), regmust($ref),
regname($name,$all), regnames($all), regnames_count()
SEE ALSO
sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
SIGNAL HANDLERS
stack-trace, die, handler your-handler
SIGNAL LISTS
normal-signals, error-signals, old-interface-signals
OTHER
untrapped, any, signal, number
EXAMPLES
sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"strict refs", "strict vars", "strict subs"
HISTORY
subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
threads - Perl interpreter-based threads
VERSION
WARNING
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$thr = threads->create(FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr->join(),
$thr->detach(), threads->detach(), threads->self(), $thr->tid(),
threads->tid(), "$thr", threads->object($tid), threads->yield(),
threads->list(), threads->list(threads::all),
threads->list(threads::running), threads->list(threads::joinable),
$thr1->equal($thr2), async BLOCK;, $thr->error(), $thr->_handle(),
threads->_handle()
EXITING A THREAD
threads->exit(), threads->exit(status), die(), exit(status), use
threads 'exit' => 'threads_only', threads->create({'exit' =>
'thread_only'}, ...), $thr->set_thread_exit_only(boolean),
threads->set_thread_exit_only(boolean)
THREAD STATE
$thr->is_running(), $thr->is_joinable(), $thr->is_detached(),
threads->is_detached()
THREAD CONTEXT
Explicit context
Implicit context
$thr->wantarray()
threads->wantarray()
THREAD STACK SIZE
threads->get_stack_size();, $size = $thr->get_stack_size();,
$old_size = threads->set_stack_size($new_size);, use threads
('stack_size' => VALUE);, $ENV{'PERL5_ITHREADS_STACK_SIZE'},
threads->create({'stack_size' => VALUE}, FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr2 =
$thr1->create(FUNCTION, ARGS)
THREAD SIGNALLING
$thr->kill('SIG...');
WARNINGS
Perl exited with active threads:, Thread creation failed:
pthread_create returned #, Thread # terminated abnormally: ..,
Using minimum thread stack size of #, Thread creation failed:
pthread_attr_setstacksize(SIZE) returned 22
ERRORS
This Perl not built to support threads, Cannot change stack size of
an existing thread, Cannot signal threads without safe signals,
Unrecognized signal name: ..
BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
Thread-safe modules, Using non-thread-safe modules, Memory
consumption, Current working directory, Environment variables,
Catching signals, Parent-child threads, Creating threads inside
special blocks, Unsafe signals, Perl has been built with
"PERL_OLD_SIGNALS" (see "perl -V"), The environment variable
"PERL_SIGNALS" is set to "unsafe" (see "PERL_SIGNALS" in perlrun),
The module Perl::Unsafe::Signals is used, Returning closures from
threads, Returning objects from threads, END blocks in threads,
Open directory handles, Perl Bugs and the CPAN Version of threads
REQUIREMENTS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data structures between
threads
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
FUNCTIONS
share VARIABLE, shared_clone REF, is_shared VARIABLE, lock
VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR, LOCKVAR,
cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR,
ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
OBJECTS
NOTES
WARNINGS
cond_broadcast() called on unlocked variable, cond_signal() called
on unlocked variable
BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE
utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Utility functions
"$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string)", "$success =
utf8::downgrade($string[, $fail_ok])", "utf8::encode($string)",
"$success = utf8::decode($string)", "$flag =
utf8::is_utf8($string)", "$flag = utf8::valid($string)"
BUGS
SEE ALSO
vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
version - Perl extension for Version Objects
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TYPES OF VERSION OBJECTS
Decimal Versions, Dotted Decimal Versions
DECLARING VERSIONS
How to convert a module from decimal to dotted-decimal
How to "declare()" a dotted-decimal version
PARSING AND COMPARING VERSIONS
How to "parse()" a version
How to check for a legal version string
"is_lax()", "is_strict()"
How to compare version objects
OBJECT METHODS
is_alpha()
is_qv()
normal()
numify()
stringify()
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
qv()
is_lax()
is_strict()
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
version::Internals - Perl extension for Version Objects
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS A VERSION?
Decimal Versions, Dotted-Decimal Versions
Decimal Versions
Dotted-Decimal Versions
Alpha Versions
Regular Expressions for Version Parsing
$version::LAX, $version::STRICT, v1.234.5
IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
Equivalence between Decimal and Dotted-Decimal Versions
Quoting Rules
What about v-strings?
Version Object Internals
original, qv, alpha, version
Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
USAGE DETAILS
Using modules that use version.pm
Decimal versions always work, Dotted-Decimal version work
sometimes
Object Methods
new(), qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification,
Comparison operators, Logical Operators
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"vmsish status", "vmsish exit", "vmsish time", "vmsish hushed"
warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
What's wrong with -w and $^W
Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
-w , -W , -X
Backward Compatibility
Category Hierarchy
Fatal Warnings
Reporting Warnings from a Module
FUNCTIONS
use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(),
warnings::enabled($category), warnings::enabled($object),
warnings::fatal_enabled(), warnings::fatal_enabled($category),
warnings::fatal_enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object,
$message), warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category,
$message), warnings::warnif($object, $message),
warnings::register_categories(@names)
warnings::register - warnings import function
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MODULE DOCUMENTATION
AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DBM Comparisons
[0], [1], [2], [3]
SEE ALSO
App::Cpan - easily interact with CPAN from the command line
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Options
-a, -A module [ module ... ], -c module, -C module [ module ...
], -D module [ module ... ], -f, -F, -g module [ module ... ],
-G module [ module ... ], -h, -i, -I, -j Config.pm, -J, -l, -L
author [ author ... ], -m, -n, -O, -p, -P, -r, -t, -T, -u, -v,
-V, -w
Examples
Methods
run()
EXIT VALUES
TO DO
BUGS
SEE ALSO
SOURCE AVAILABILITY
CREDITS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
App::Prove - Implements the "prove" command.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
Attributes
"archive", "argv", "backwards", "blib", "color", "directives",
"dry", "exec", "extensions", "failures", "comments", "formatter",
"harness", "ignore_exit", "includes", "jobs", "lib", "merge",
"modules", "parse", "plugins", "quiet", "really_quiet", "recurse",
"rules", "show_count", "show_help", "show_man", "show_version",
"shuffle", "state", "state_class", "taint_fail", "taint_warn",
"test_args", "timer", "verbose", "warnings_fail", "warnings_warn",
"tapversion", "trap"
PLUGINS
Sample Plugin
SEE ALSO
App::Prove::State - State storage for the "prove" command.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
"store", "extensions" (optional), "result_class" (optional)
"result_class"
"extensions"
"results"
"commit"
Instance Methods
"last", "failed", "passed", "all", "hot", "todo", "slow", "fast",
"new", "old", "save"
App::Prove::State::Result - Individual test suite results.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
"state_version"
"test_class"
App::Prove::State::Result::Test - Individual test results.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
Archive::Tar - module for manipulations of tar archives
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Object Methods
Archive::Tar->new( [$file, $compressed] )
$tar->read ( $filename|$handle, [$compressed, {opt => 'val'}] )
limit, filter, md5, extract
$tar->contains_file( $filename )
$tar->extract( [@filenames] )
$tar->extract_file( $file, [$extract_path] )
$tar->list_files( [\@properties] )
$tar->get_files( [@filenames] )
$tar->get_content( $file )
$tar->replace_content( $file, $content )
$tar->rename( $file, $new_name )
$tar->chmod( $file, $mode )
$tar->chown( $file, $uname [, $gname] )
$tar->remove (@filenamelist)
$tar->clear
$tar->write ( [$file, $compressed, $prefix] )
$tar->add_files( @filenamelist )
$tar->add_data ( $filename, $data, [$opthashref] )
FILE, HARDLINK, SYMLINK, CHARDEV, BLOCKDEV, DIR, FIFO, SOCKET
$tar->error( [$BOOL] )
$tar->setcwd( $cwd );
Class Methods
Archive::Tar->create_archive($file, $compressed, @filelist)
Archive::Tar->iter( $filename, [ $compressed, {opt => $val} ] )
Archive::Tar->list_archive($file, $compressed, [\@properties])
Archive::Tar->extract_archive($file, $compressed)
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_io_string
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_perlio
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_zlib_support
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_bzip2_support
Archive::Tar->can_handle_compressed_files
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$Archive::Tar::FOLLOW_SYMLINK
$Archive::Tar::CHOWN
$Archive::Tar::CHMOD
$Archive::Tar::SAME_PERMISSIONS
$Archive::Tar::DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX
$Archive::Tar::DEBUG
$Archive::Tar::WARN
$Archive::Tar::error
$Archive::Tar::INSECURE_EXTRACT_MODE
$Archive::Tar::HAS_PERLIO
$Archive::Tar::HAS_IO_STRING
$Archive::Tar::ZERO_PAD_NUMBERS
Tuning the way RESOLVE_SYMLINK will works
FAQ What's the minimum perl version required to run Archive::Tar?,
Isn't Archive::Tar slow?, Isn't Archive::Tar heavier on memory than
/bin/tar?, Can you lazy-load data instead?, How much memory will an
X kb tar file need?, What do you do with unsupported filetypes in
an archive?, I'm using WinZip, or some other non-POSIX client, and
files are not being extracted properly!, How do I extract only
files that have property X from an archive?, How do I access .tar.Z
files?, How do I handle Unicode strings?
CAVEATS
TODO
Check if passed in handles are open for read/write, Allow archives
to be passed in as string, Facilitate processing an opened
filehandle of a compressed archive
SEE ALSO
The GNU tar specification, The PAX format specification, A
comparison of GNU and POSIX tar standards;
"http://www.delorie.com/gnu/docs/tar/tar_114.html", GNU tar intends
to switch to POSIX compatibility, A Comparison between various tar
implementations
AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
COPYRIGHT
Archive::Tar::File - a subclass for in-memory extracted file from
Archive::Tar
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Accessors
name, mode, uid, gid, size, mtime, chksum, type, linkname,
magic, version, uname, gname, devmajor, devminor, prefix, raw
Methods
Archive::Tar::File->new( file => $path )
Archive::Tar::File->new( data => $path, $data, $opt )
Archive::Tar::File->new( chunk => $chunk )
$bool = $file->extract( [ $alternative_name ] )
$path = $file->full_path
$bool = $file->validate
$bool = $file->has_content
$content = $file->get_content
$cref = $file->get_content_by_ref
$bool = $file->replace_content( $content )
$bool = $file->rename( $new_name )
$bool = $file->chmod $mode)
$bool = $file->chown( $user [, $group])
Convenience methods
$file->is_file, $file->is_dir, $file->is_hardlink,
$file->is_symlink, $file->is_chardev, $file->is_blockdev,
$file->is_fifo, $file->is_socket, $file->is_longlink,
$file->is_label, $file->is_unknown
Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]
Typed lexicals
Type-specific attribute handlers
Non-interpretive attribute handlers
Phase-specific attribute handlers
Attributes as "tie" interfaces
EXAMPLES
UTILITY FUNCTIONS
findsym
DIAGNOSTICS
"Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)", "Attribute handler %s doesn't
handle %s attributes", "Declaration of %s attribute in package %s
may clash with future reserved word", "Can't have two ATTR
specifiers on one subroutine", "Can't autotie a %s", "Internal
error: %s symbol went missing", "Won't be able to apply END
handler"
AUTHOR
BUGS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Subroutine Stubs
Using AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
Overriding AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
Package Lexicals
Not Using AutoLoader
AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader
Forcing AutoLoader to Load a Function
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$keep, $check, $modtime
Multiple packages
DIAGNOSTICS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
B - The Perl Compiler Backend
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
Utility Functions
Functions Returning "B::SV", "B::AV", "B::HV", and "B::CV" objects
sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF),
amagic_generation, init_av, check_av, unitcheck_av, begin_av,
end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
Functions Returning "B::OP" objects or for walking op trees
main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD),
walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
Miscellaneous Utility Functions
ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
Exported utility variables
@optype, @specialsv_name
OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
SV-RELATED CLASSES
B::SV Methods
REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
B::IV Methods
IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
B::NV Methods
NV, NVX
B::RV Methods
RV
B::PV Methods
PV, RV, PVX, CUR, LEN
B::PVMG Methods
MAGIC, SvSTASH
B::MAGIC Methods
MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
B::PVLV Methods
TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
B::BM Methods
USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
B::GV Methods
is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV,
CVGEN, LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
B::IO Methods
LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME,
FMT_GV, BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS,
IsSTD
B::AV Methods
FILL, MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, OFF, AvFLAGS
B::CV Methods
STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE,
OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB, XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv, NAME_HEK
B::HV Methods
FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, ARRAY, PMROOT
OP-RELATED CLASSES
B::OP Methods
next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, flags,
private, spare
B::UNOP METHOD
first
B::BINOP METHOD
last
B::LOGOP METHOD
other
B::LISTOP METHOD
children
B::PMOP Methods
pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmflags, extflags, precomp,
pmoffset, code_list
B::SVOP METHOD
sv, gv
B::PADOP METHOD
padix
B::PVOP METHOD
pv
B::LOOP Methods
redoop, nextop, lastop
B::COP Methods
label, stash, stashpv, stashoff (threaded only), file, cop_seq,
arybase, line, warnings, io, hints, hints_hash
OTHER CLASSES
B::PADLIST Methods
MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, REFCNT
$B::overlay
AUTHOR
B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
OPTIONS
Options for Opcode Ordering
-basic, -exec, -tree
Options for Line-Style
-concise, -terse, -linenoise, -debug, -env
Options for tree-specific formatting
-compact, -loose, -vt, -ascii
Options controlling sequence numbering
-basen, -bigendian, -littleendian
Other options
-src, -stash="somepackage", -main, -nomain, -nobanner, -banner,
-banneris => subref
Option Stickiness
ABBREVIATIONS
OP class abbreviations
OP flags abbreviations
FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
Special Patterns
(x(exec_text;basic_text)x), (*(text)*), (*(text1;text2)*),
(?(text1#varText2)?), ~
# Variables
#var, #varN, #Var, #addr, #arg, #class, #classsym, #coplabel,
#exname, #extarg, #firstaddr, #flags, #flagval, #hints,
#hintsval, #hyphseq, #label, #lastaddr, #name, #NAME, #next,
#nextaddr, #noise, #private, #privval, #seq, #seqnum, #opt,
#sibaddr, #svaddr, #svclass, #svval, #targ, #targarg,
#targarglife, #typenum
One-Liner Command tips
perl -MO=Concise,bar foo.pl, perl -MDigest::MD5=md5 -MO=Concise,md5
-e1, perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,_POSIX_ARG_MAX -e1, perl -MPOSIX
-MO=Concise,a -e 'print _POSIX_SAVED_IDS', perl -MPOSIX
-MO=Concise,a -e 'sub a{_POSIX_SAVED_IDS}', perl -MB::Concise -e
'B::Concise::compile("-exec","-src", \%B::Concise::)->()'
Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
Example: Altering Concise Renderings
set_style()
set_style_standard($name)
add_style ()
add_callback ()
Running B::Concise::compile()
B::Concise::reset_sequence()
Errors
AUTHOR
B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
-d, -fFILE, -l, -p, -P, -q, -sLETTERS, C, iNUMBER, T, vSTRING.,
-xLEVEL
USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
Synopsis
Description
new
ambient_pragmas
strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits,
warning_bits, %^H
coderef2text
BUGS
AUTHOR
B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
OPTIONS
SEE ALSO
TODO
AUTHOR
B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
i, &, s, r
OPTIONS
"-oFILENAME", "-r", "-d", "-D[tO]"
BUGS
AUTHOR
Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
new, debug, iters
Standard Exports
timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE
]] ), timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff (
T1, T2 ), timestr ( TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
Optional Exports
clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT,
CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ]
), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ),
timesum ( T1, T2 )
:hireswallclock
Benchmark Object
cpu_p, cpu_c, cpu_a, real, iters
NOTES
EXAMPLES
INHERITANCE
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
MODIFICATION HISTORY
CGI - Handle Common Gateway Interface requests and responses
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
PROGRAMMING STYLE
CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
HANDLING NON-URLENCODED ARGUMENTS
DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
:cgi, :form, :html2, :html3, :html4, :netscape, :html,
:standard, :all
PRAGMAS
-any, -compile, -nosticky, -tabindex, -no_undef_params,
-no_xhtml, -utf8, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls,
-autoload, -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles
SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table()
(generates a </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul>
tag), 4. end_ul() (generates a </ul> tag)
GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
-absolute, -relative, -full, -path (-path_info), -query
(-query_string), -base, -rewrite
MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
AUTOESCAPING HTML
$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-data
FORM ELEMENTS
-name, -value, -values, -tabindex, -id, -override, -onChange,
-onFocus, -onBlur, -onMouseOver, -onMouseOut, -onSelect
CREATING A TEXT FIELD
CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
PROCESSING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
CREATING A POPUP MENU
CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
CREATING A RESET BUTTON
CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
HTTP COOKIES
1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
-name, -value, -path, -domain, -expires, -secure
WORKING WITH FRAMES
1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the
document in the <form> tag
SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT
onLoad, onUnload, onSubmit, onClick, onChange, onFocus, onBlur,
onSelect, onMouseOver, onMouseOut
LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
DEBUGGING
DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
AAcccceepptt(()), rraaww__ccooookkiiee(()), uusseerr__aaggeenntt(()), ppaatthh__iinnffoo(()),
ppaatthh__ttrraannssllaatteedd(()), rreemmoottee__hhoosstt(()), rreemmoottee__aaddddrr(()), ssccrriipptt__nnaammee(())
Return the script name as a partial URL, for self-referring
scripts, rreeffeerreerr(()), auth_type (), server_name (), virtual_host (),
server_port (), virtual_port (), server_software (), remote_user
(), user_name (), rreeqquueesstt__mmeetthhoodd(()), ccoonntteenntt__ttyyppee(()), hhttttpp(()), hhttttppss(())
USING NPH SCRIPTS
In the use statement, By calling the nnpphh(()) method:, By using -nph
parameters
Server Push
multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(),
multipart_final()
Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
$CGI::POST_MAX, $CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS, 1. On a script-by-script
basis, 2. Globally for all scripts
COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
Cgi-lib functions that are available in CGI.pm
Cgi-lib functions that are not available in CGI.pm
AUTHOR INFORMATION
CREDITS
Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike
Jewell (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin
(tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg (jh@axis.se), Laurent
Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony
Curtis (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom
Christiansen (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig
(k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim MacKenzie
(Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen
(joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan
Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org),
Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), ...and many many more..
A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
BUGS
SEE ALSO
CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR INFORMATION
BUGS
SEE ALSO
CGI::Carp, CGI::Carp - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other)
error log
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
Changing the default message
DOING MORE THAN PRINTING A MESSAGE IN THE EVENT OF PERL ERRORS
SUPPRESSING PERL ERRORS APPEARING IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
CGI::Cookie - Interface to HTTP Cookies
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USING CGI::Cookie
1. expiration date, 2. domain, 3. path, 4. secure flag, 5.
httponly flag
Creating New Cookies
Sending the Cookie to the Browser
Recovering Previous Cookies
Manipulating Cookies
nnaammee(()), vvaalluuee(()), ddoommaaiinn(()), ppaatthh